ReviewClinics in orthopedic surgery2021
Overview and Spinal Implications of Leg Length Discrepancy: Narrative Review.
Review in Clinics in orthopedic surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety of direct superior approach (DSA) for total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Pooled it
- Angular and Rotational Lower Limb Alignment Variations in Children: Practical Guidance for Paediatricians.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Venous Malformation Mimicking Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome in a Young Adult With Limb Length Discrepancy.Cureus · 2026Article
- Assessment of change in limb length following correction of coronal and sagittal plane deformities in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective study.Knee surgery & related research · 2026Article
- Perceived leg length discrepancy after total hip arthroplasty is associated with global spinopelvic coronal flexibility.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2026Article
- Outcomes at 1 Year After Total Hip Arthroplasty Combined With Low Femoral Neck Osteotomy vs Subtrochanteric Osteotomy in 73 Patients With Crowe Type IV Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Retrospective Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Article
- Gait Characteristics in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Secondary Scoliosis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Case Report: Clinical effect of eight plate epiphyseal block on leg length discrepancy in children: a retrospective study of 6 typical cases.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Radiographic characterization and predictive modeling of functional scoliosis secondary to leg length discrepancy in adolescents.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Leg Length Discrepancy After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Review of Clinical Assessments, Imaging Diagnostics, and Medico-Legal Implications.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Intelligent measurement of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis x-ray coronal imaging parameters based on VB-Net neural network: a retrospective analysis of 2092 cases.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Inflammation-induced leg length discrepancy in children: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluation of a deep learning software for automated measurements on full-leg standing radiographs.Knee surgery & related research · 2024Article
- Impact of a Unilateral High Tibial Osteotomy With a Large Correction on Functional Lateral Acetabular Coverage of the Hip Joint.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2024Article
- Developmental Patterns and Risk Factors of Scoliosis After Hemipelvectomy for the Pelvic Bone Tumor.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effect of Programed Walking Exercise Using Bot Fit in Younger Adults.Sports medicine - open · 2024Article
- Deep learning generated lower extremity radiographic measurements are adequate for quick assessment of knee angular alignment and leg length determination.Skeletal radiology · 2024Article
- Parietal abdominal pain with lower leg discrepancy: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is an underrecognized and prevalent condition among the U.S. population, with effects varying depending on the cause and size of the discrepancy. LLD occurs when the paired lower extremities are unequal in length and can be etiologically classified as functional or structural. Length differences are typically less than 10 mm and asymptomatic or easily compensated for by the patient through self-lengthening or shortening of the lower extremities. Literature review of the etiology, diagnostic modalities, clinical complications, and treatment option for patients with LLD. LLD can be assessed directly through tape measurements or indirectly through palpation of bony landmarks. Imaging modalities, specifically radiography, are more precise and help identify coexistent deformity. Once LLD has been diagnosed, evaluation for potential adverse complications is necessary. Discrepancies greater than 20 mm can alter biomechanics and loading patterns with resultant functional limitations and musculoskeletal disorders, such as functional scoliosis. Functional scoliosis is nonprogressive and involves a structurally normal spine with an apparent lateral curvature, which regresses fully or partially when the LLD is corrected. Long-standing LLD and functional scoliosis often result in permanent degenerative changes in the facet joints and intervertebral discs of the spine. Further understanding of the contribution of LLD in the development of scoliosis and degenerative spine disease will allow for more effective preventative treatment strategies and hasten return to function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.