Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34093854›Full record

ReviewTheranostics2021

Radionuclide-based molecular imaging allows CAR-T cellular visualization and therapeutic monitoring.

Fuqiang Shao, Yu Long, Hao Ji, Dawei Jiang, Ping Lei, Xiaoli Lan

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Theranostics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. First-in-human dosimetry and biodistribution of [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
    Article
  2. Preparation and MR Imaging Study of a Recombinant Surface Antibody Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-EPC1 Molecular Probe for Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Imaging the fate of CAR-T cellsFrontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
  5. Cross-Disciplinary Mechanistic Insights in Molecular Medicine.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Recent advances in non-invasiveBiomaterials science · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Noninvasive longitudinal PET/CT imaging of CAR T cells using PSMA reporter gene.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024
    Article
  11. Positron emission tomography probes for stem cell monitoring: a review.American journal of translational research · 2024
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Molecular MRI-Based Monitoring of Cancer Immunotherapy Treatment Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Biomaterials promoteFrontiers in immunology · 2023
    Review
  16. Visualizing γδ T cells by very late antigen-4-targeted positron emission tomography.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2022
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Fuqiang ShaoDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Yu LongDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Hao JiDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Dawei JiangDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Ping LeiDepartment of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Xiaoli LanDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Huazhong University of Science and Technology · CNState Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing · CNUnion Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is a new and effective form of adoptive cell therapy that is rapidly entering the mainstream for the treatment of CD19-positive hematological cancers because of its impressive effect and durable responses. Huge challenges remain in achieving similar success in patients with solid tumors. The current methods of monitoring CAR-T, including morphological imaging (CT and MRI), blood tests, and biopsy, have limitations to assess whether CAR-T cells are homing to tumor sites and infiltrating into tumor bed, or to assess the survival, proliferation, and persistence of CAR-T cells in solid tumors associated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Radionuclide-based molecular imaging affords improved CAR-T cellular visualization and therapeutic monitoring through either a direct cellular radiolabeling approach or a reporter gene imaging strategy, and endogenous cell imaging is beneficial to reflect functional information and immune status of T cells. Focusing on the dynamic monitoring and precise assessment of CAR-T therapy, this review summarizes the current applications of radionuclide-based noninvasive imaging in CAR-T cells visualization and monitoring and presents current challenges and strategic choices.

Indexed as

Tumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsAntigens, NeoplasmGenes, ReporterHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveMiceMolecular ImagingNeoplasmsRadioisotopesReceptors, Chimeric AntigenT-LymphocytesTomography, X-Ray ComputedXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntigens, NeoplasmRadioisotopesReceptors, Chimeric Antigenchimeric antigen receptor T celldirect labelingendogenous cellmolecular imagingreporter geneside effectstherapeutic monitoring

Identifiers

PMID34093854
PMCPMC8171102
OpenAlexW3159724772

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.