ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
The Epithelial-Immune Crosstalk in Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Systems Architecture of Fibrotic Lung Microenvironment in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Cells · 2026Pooled it
- The Effect of Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes on Epithelial-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Integrated in vitro and multi-cohort cross-omics analysis of HTLV-1-associated lung pathology reveals a RelA-dependent mechanism for monocyte recruitment and differentiation.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Evolutionary Integration and Glucocorticoid Regulation of the Respiratory System: Structure, Function, and Homeostatic Adaptation.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Most Promising Emerging Therapies for Pulmonary Fibrosis: Targeting Novel Pathways.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Construction of an E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Model to Predict the Prognosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients Using Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Microbiome-innate immune crosstalk in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an amplification framework.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Fibroblast-centered mechanisms of chronic inflammation and airway remodeling in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Cellular Heterogeneity, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications.MedComm · 2025Review
- RIPK1 Drives JAK1-STAT3 Signaling to Promote CXCL1-Mediated Neutrophil Recruitment in Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Tracing Microplastics in the Human Body: From Detection to Disease Mechanisms.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bioinformatics and experimental animal model reveal the prognostic value of immunogenic cell death-related proteins in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in diseases: implications for therapy.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Aberrant Activation of Wound-Healing Programs within the Metastatic Niche Facilitates Lung Colonization by Osteosarcoma Cells.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Article
- Exploring Antifibrotic Strategies for Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2025Review
- Immunobiology of pulmonary fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- TLR9: A Double-Dealing Toll-Like Receptor.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Immune mechanisms and novel therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2024Review
- Recombinant RSV G protein vaccine induces enhanced respiratory disease via IL-13 and mucin overproduction.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interactions between the lung epithelium and the immune system involve a tight regulation to prevent inappropriate reactions and have been connected to several pulmonary diseases. Although the distal lung epithelium and local immunity have been implicated in the pathogenesis and disease course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), consequences of their abnormal interplay remain less well known. Recent data suggests a two-way process, as illustrated by the influence of epithelial-derived periplakin on the immune landscape or the effect of macrophage-derived IL-17B on epithelial cells. Additionally, damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), released by damaged or dying (epithelial) cells, are augmented in IPF. Next to "sterile inflammation", pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are increased in IPF and have been linked with lung fibrosis, while outer membrane vesicles from bacteria are able to influence epithelial-macrophage crosstalk. Finally, the advent of high-throughput technologies such as microbiome-sequencing has allowed for the identification of a disease-specific microbial environment. In this review, we propose to discuss how the interplays between the altered distal airway and alveolar epithelium, the lung microbiome and immune cells may shape a pro-fibrotic environment. More specifically, it will highlight DAMPs-PAMPs pathways and the specificities of the IPF lung microbiome while discussing recent elements suggesting abnormal mucosal immunity in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.