Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34093491›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2021

Positioning Diverse Type IV Structures and Functions Within Class 1 CRISPR-Cas Systems.

Hannah N Taylor, Eric Laderman, Matt Armbrust, Thomson Hallmark, Dylan Keiser, Joseph Bondy-Denomy, Ryan N Jackson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Emerging tools in plant genome editing.Frontiers in genome editing · 2025
    Review
  6. Structure, function and evolution of the bacterial DinG-like proteins.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Metagenomic discovery of CRISPR-associated transposons.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hannah N TaylorDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States.
Eric LadermanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Matt ArmbrustDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States.
Thomson HallmarkDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States.
Dylan KeiserDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States.
Joseph Bondy-DenomyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Ryan N JacksonDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States.

Funding

Determining the Structure and Function of Newly Discovered Immune SystemsR35GM138080 · NIGMS · UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Ryan Neal Jackson · 2020 to 2026
$2.8M
Discovering New Roles for CRISPR-Cas in Bacterial PathogenesisDP5OD021344 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BONDY-DENOMY, JOSEPH · 2015 to 2019
$2.1M
Uncovering the mechanism and role of a widespread anti-CRISPR-Cas9 proteinR01GM127489 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BONDY-DENOMY, JOSEPH · 2018 to 2022
$1.7M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM127489NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM138080NIH HHS DP5 OD021344
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type IV CRISPR systems encode CRISPR associated (Cas)-like proteins that combine with small RNAs to form multi-subunit ribonucleoprotein complexes. However, the lack of Cas nucleases, integrases, and other genetic features commonly observed in most CRISPR systems has made it difficult to predict type IV mechanisms of action and biological function. Here we summarize recent bioinformatic and experimental advancements that collectively provide the first glimpses into the function of specific type IV subtypes. We also provide a bioinformatic and structural analysis of type IV-specific proteins within the context of multi-subunit (class 1) CRISPR systems, informing future studies aimed at elucidating the function of these cryptic systems.

Indexed as

CasCas6Cas7CRISPRCysHDinG helicasetype IV

Identifiers

PMID34093491
PMCPMC8175902

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.