Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34093189›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2021

Multiple Molecular Mechanisms to Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Cancer by Natural Secondary Metabolites.

Mahmoud Zaki El-Readi, Ahmed M Al-Abd, Mohammad A Althubiti, Riyad A Almaimani, Hiba Saeed Al-Amoodi, Mohamed Lotfy Ashour, Michael Wink, Safaa Yehia Eid

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Multidrug Resistance: Are We Still Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Chemosensitization Effect of Seabuckthorn (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  16. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Mahmoud Zaki El-ReadiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed M Al-AbdDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Mohammad A AlthubitiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Riyad A AlmaimaniDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Hiba Saeed Al-AmoodiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed Lotfy AshourDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Michael WinkInstitute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Safaa Yehia EidDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Umm al-Qura University · SAAin Shams University · EGGulf Medical University · AEHeidelberg University · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) common natural occurrences and the significantly lower toxicities of many SM have led to the approaching development and use of these compounds as effective pharmaceutical agents; especially in cancer therapy. A combination of two or three of plant secondary metabolites together or of one SM with specific anticancer drugs, may synergistically decrease the doses needed, widen the chemotherapeutic window, mediate more effective cell growth inhibition, and avoid the side effects of high drug concentrations. In mixtures they can exert additive or even synergistic activities. Many SM can effectively increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. In phytotherapy, secondary metabolites (SM) of medicinal plants can interact with single or multiple targets. The multi-molecular mechanisms of plant secondary metabolites to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) are highlighted in this review. These mechanisms include interaction with membrane proteins such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp/MDR1); an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA), and induction of apoptosis. P-gp plays an important role in the development of MDR in cancer cells and is involved in potential chemotherapy failure. Therefore, the ingestion of dietary supplements, food or beverages containing secondary metabolites e.g., polyphenols or terpenoids may alter the bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy and safety of the drugs that are P-gp substrates.

Indexed as

apoptosiscancermolecular mechanismmultidrug resistancesecondary metaabolites

Identifiers

PMID34093189
PMCPMC8176113
OpenAlexW3161018000

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.