Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34091799›Full record

ArticleJournal of immigrant and minority health2022

Bringing Medicine from Pakistan and Self-Medication Among Pakistani Mothers in New Zealand.

Sumera Saeed Akhtar, Susan Heydon, Pauline Norris

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of immigrant and minority health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Determinants of Self-Medication in Immigrants: A Systematic Review.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Patterns of Health Services and Medicine Utilisation by First-Generation Pakistani Immigrants in New Zealand.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sumera Saeed AkhtarSchool of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. akhsu09@student.otago.ac.nz.
Susan HeydonSchool of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Pauline NorrisCentre for Pacific Health, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
University of Otago · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Worldwide migration leads to people bringing beliefs and practices from one country into another, including those related to self-medication. This study explores the self-medication practices of Pakistani mothers for their children and their reasons for self-medication. We interviewed 23 immigrants. Each interview lasted 60-80 min and was conducted in Urdu. Participants had been living in New Zealand on average 3.25 years. They talked about their prior knowledge and experiences regarding self-medication behaviour for their children. The majority of the mothers treat their children at home before visiting a general practitioner (GP) due to previous unsatisfactory experiences. There was a significant relationship between participants who had family members in healthcare professions, their experiences of healthcare services and self-medication. Bringing medicines from Pakistan is a key source for self-medication practices. Self-medication awareness programs could help mothers to practice safe and responsible use of medicines for the benefit of their children.

Indexed as

Asian PeopleMothersChildFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth ServicesHumansNew ZealandPakistanChildrenMigrantsMothersNew ZealandPakistanSelf-medication

Identifiers

PMID34091799
PMCPMC8179088
OpenAlexW3167132220

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.