Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34091051›Full record

ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2021

Bifunctional TGF-β trap/IL-15 protein complex elicits potent NK cell and CD8

Bai Liu, Xiaoyun Zhu, Lin Kong, Meng Wang, Catherine Spanoudis, Pallavi Chaturvedi, Varghese George, Jin-An Jiao, Lijing You, Jack O Egan and 11 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. TGF-βRII/IL-15 immunotherapeutic complex targets exhausted CD8Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bai LiuHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Xiaoyun ZhuHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Lin KongHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Meng WangHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Catherine SpanoudisHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Pallavi ChaturvediHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Varghese GeorgeHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Jin-An JiaoHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Lijing YouHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Jack O EganHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Christian EcheverriHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Victor L GalloHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Jilan XingHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Kristine RaveloHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Caitlin PrendesHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Julian AntolinezHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Julia DenissovaHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Gabriela J MunizHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Emily K JengHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Peter R RhodeHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA.
Hing C WongHCW Biologics Inc., Miramar, FL 33025, USA. Electronic address: hingwong@hcwbiologics.com.
Heat Biologics (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advances in immunostimulatory and anti-immunosuppressive therapeutics have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, novel immunotherapeutics with these dual functions are not frequently reported. Here we describe the creation of a heterodimeric bifunctional fusion molecule, HCW9218, constructed using our soluble tissue factor (TF)-based scaffold technology. This complex comprises extracellular domains of the human transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor II and a human interleukin-15 (IL-15)/IL-15 receptor α complex. HCW9218 can be readily expressed in CHO cells and purified using antibody-based affinity chromatography in a large-scale manufacturing setting. HCW9218 potently activates mouse natural killer (NK) cells and CD8

Indexed as

AnimalsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationCell SurvivalFemaleHumansInjections, SubcutaneousInterleukin-15Killer Cells, NaturalMelanoma, ExperimentalMiceReceptors, Interleukin-15Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type IIRecombinant Fusion ProteinsTransforming Growth Factor betaIL15 protein, humanIL15RA protein, humanInterleukin-15Receptors, Interleukin-15Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type IIRecombinant Fusion ProteinsTGFBR2 protein, humanTransforming Growth Factor betabifunctionalCD8(+) T cellsIL-15immunostimulationimmunosuppressionmelanomaNK cellsTGF-β

Identifiers

PMID34091051
PMCPMC8531151
OpenAlexW3168985770

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.