ArticleChild and adolescent psychiatry and mental health2021
Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among trauma-exposed adolescents from low- and middle-income countries.
Article in Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of mental disorders among young people living in urban slums of low- and middle- income countries: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder in pediatric populations in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Complex PTSD symptom trajectories in trauma-exposed adolescents: a five-year longitudinal study.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Psychometric evaluation of age- and culture-appropriate Hindi trauma-related questionnaires for children and adolescents.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Article
- Psychometric evaluation of the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index (PTSD RI-5) in a Turkish Clinical sample of trauma-exposed children.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- The associations between PTSD symptoms, intolerance of uncertainty and personal growth initiative in trauma-exposed children and adolescents: undirected and Bayesian network analyses.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Shadows of trauma: an umbrella review of the prevalence and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Article
- Posttraumatic stress disorder in disaster-exposed youth: examining diagnostic concordance and model fit using ICD-11 and DSM-5 criteria.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Implementation Determinants of Problem-Solving Therapy Delivered by Near-Peer Lay Counselors for Youth Living with HIV in Botswana: Lay Counsellor Perspectives.Global implementation research and applications · 2024Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among high school students who experienced war in Woldia town.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Societal influence and psychological distress among Indonesian adults in Java on the early Omicron wave of COVID-19.Future science OA · 2023Article
- Exposure to potentially traumatic events and PTSD symptomatology in Norwegian 11-13-year-olds: results from the Bergen Child Study.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2023Article
- Local understandings of PTSD and complex PTSD among health professionals working with adolescents in violent neighbourhoods of São Paulo city, Brazil.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Moving beyond a 'one-size-fits-all' rationale in global mental health: prospects of a precision psychology paradigm.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 14 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExposure to traumatic events in childhood is associated with the development and maintenance of various psychiatric disorders, but most frequently with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the types of traumatic events experienced and the presence and predictors of PTSD symptoms among adolescents from the general population from ten low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
methodsData were simultaneously collected from 3370 trauma-exposed adolescents (mean age = 15.41 [SD = 1.65] years, range 12-18; 1465 (43.5%) males and 1905 (56.5%) females) in Brazil, Bulgaria, Croatia, Indonesia, Montenegro, Nigeria, the Palestinian Territories, the Philippines, Romania, and Serbia, with Portugal, a high-income country, as a reference point. The UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for the DSM-5 (PTSD-RI-5) was used for the assessment of traumatic events and PTSD symptoms.
resultsThe most frequently reported traumatic events were death of a close person (69.7%), witnessing violence other than domestic (40.5%), being in a natural disaster (34.4%) and witnessing violent death or serious injury of a close person (33.9%). In total, 28.5% adolescents endorsed two to three DSM-5 PTSD criteria symptoms. The rates of adolescents with symptoms from all four DSM-5 criteria for PTSD were 6.2-8.1% in Indonesia, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Montenegro, and 9.2-10.5% in Philippines, Croatia and Brazil. From Portugal, 10.7% adolescents fall into this category, while 13.2% and 15.3% for the Palestinian Territories and Nigeria, respectively. A logistic regression model showed that younger age, experiencing war, being forced to have sex, and greater severity of symptoms (persistent avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity) were significant predictors of fulfilling full PTSD criteria.
conclusionsNearly every third adolescent living in LMICs might have some PTSD symptoms after experiencing a traumatic event, while nearly one in ten might have sufficient symptoms for full DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis. The findings can inform the generation of PTSD burden estimates, allocation of health resources, and designing and implementing psychosocial interventions for PTSD in LMICs.
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