ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2021
Atypical Inflammatory Syndrome Triggered by SARS-CoV-2 in Infants with Down Syndrome.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Clinical considerations for immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency in Down syndrome.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- How I Treat: Immune dysregulation in Down syndrome.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Vaccination in individuals with Down syndrome: immune vulnerability, safety, efficacy and opportunities.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Article
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): Implications for long COVID.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
- Enhancing understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals with Down syndrome: An integrative review.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2023Review
- Clinical characteristics and comorbidities of COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients with Down syndrome: first year report in Brazil.Human genetics · 2022Article
- Excessive negative regulation of type I interferon disrupts viral control in individuals with Down syndrome.Immunity · 2022Article
- Post-SARS-CoV-2 Atypical Inflammatory Syndrome in a Toddler with X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Deficiency After Stem Cell Transplant.Journal of clinical immunology · 2022Article
- Lung disease manifestations in Down syndrome.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2021Review
- Interferon-Driven Immune Dysregulation in Down Syndrome: A Review of the Evidence.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
While adults with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 pneumonia, little is known about COVID-19 in children with DS. In children without DS, SARS-CoV-2 can rarely cause severe COVID-19 pneumonia, or an even rarer and more typically pediatric condition, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Although the underlying mechanisms are still unknown, MIS-C is thought to be primarily immune-mediated. Here, we describe an atypical, severe form of MIS-C in two infant girls with DS who were hospitalized for over 4 months. Immunological evaluation revealed pronounced neutrophilia, B cell depletion, increased circulating IL-6 and IL-8, and elevated markers of immune activation ICAM1 and FcɣRI. Importantly, uninfected children with DS presented with similar but less stark immune features at steady state, possibly explaining risk of further uncontrolled inflammation following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, a severe, atypical form of MIS-C may occur in children with DS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.