ReviewInsights into imaging2021
Computed tomography imaging of septic shock. Beyond the cause: the "CT hypoperfusion complex". A pictorial essay.
Review in Insights into imaging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- CT-derived adrenal-to-spleen ratio as a predictor of massive transfusion and mortality in emergency transcatheter arterial embolization of active bleeding.Emergency radiology · 2026Article
- Planning and performing CT-guided interventions for source control in septic patients: a survey by the European Society of Emergency Radiology.Insights into imaging · 2026Article
- Assessing Pancreatic Enhancement Variability in ICU Patients with CT Hypoperfusion Complex: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Differentiation of Shock Thyroid on Enhanced Chest CT from Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Multinodular Goiter-A Pilot Study in Ten Patients with Shock Thyroid.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Altered renal corticomedullary differentiation on CT, Part I: A pictorial review of non-neoplastic causes.Emergency radiology · 2026Review
- Contrast-enhanced CT in sepsis: insights from a European Emergency Radiology survey.European radiology · 2026Article
- Radiodensity as a predictor: can penile and splenic Hounsfield units forecast clinical response to daily tadalafil?Basic and clinical andrology · 2026Article
- Promising initial evaluation: the Shock Thyroid Imaging Score (STIS) could predict mortality in hemodynamically unstable trauma patients.Emergency radiology · 2025Article
- Critical reflection on the indication for computed tomography: an interdisciplinary survey of risk and benefit management in patients with sepsis.Insights into imaging · 2025Article
- Association Between IV Contrast Media Exposure and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Requiring Emergency Admission: A Nationwide Observational Study in Japan.Critical care explorations · 2024Observational
- CT Attenuation of Periaortic Adipose Tissue in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging · 2024Observational
- Abdominal compartment syndrome: what radiologist needs to know.La Radiologia medica · 2023Review
- Clinical impact of screening computed tomography in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a retrospective cohort study.Annals of intensive care · 2023Article
- Multidetector CT Imaging Biomarkers as Predictors of Prognosis in Shock: Updates and Future Directions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Non-Operative Management of Polytraumatized Patients: Body Imaging beyond CT.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Renal venous density in the arterial phase of contrast-enhanced CT predicts prognosis in septic shock.The British journal of radiology · 2023Article
- Abdominal atherosclerosis is not a risk factor of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia among critically ill patients: a propensity matching study.Annals of intensive care · 2022Article
- The Role of CT-Angiography in the Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Pictorial Essay of Active and Obscure Findings.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2022Review
- Multimodality imaging of adrenal gland pathologies: A comprehensive pictorial review.Journal of clinical imaging science · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Septic shock is a medical emergency that represents one of the most important underlying causes for presentation to the Emergency Department. Sepsis is defined as organ dysfunction, life-threatening event caused by a deregulated inflammatory host response to infection, with a mortality risk ranging from 10 to 40%. Early sepsis identification is the cornerstone of management and diagnostic imaging can play a pivotal role in this clinical context. The choice of imaging modality depends on several factors, associated with the clinical condition and the presence or absence of localising signs and symptoms. The diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced total-body CT has been well established during septic shock, allowing for a rapid, panoramic, and detailed study of multiple body areas, simultaneously. The aim of this article is to illustrate the controversial CT hypoperfusion complex in patients with septic shock, characterised by the following imaging features: decreased enhancement of the viscera; increased mucosal enhancement; luminal dilation of the small bowel; mural thickening and fluid-filled loops of the small bowel; the halo sign and flattening of the inferior vena cava; reduced aortic diameter; peripancreatic oedema; abnormal parenchymal perfusion; and other controversial findings that are variably associated with each other and reversible during the early stages. Increasing physicians' awareness of the significance of these findings could prompt alternative approaches to the early assessment and management of septic shock. In this perspective, CT imaging represents a useful tool for a complete, rapid and detailed diagnosis of clinically suspected septic shock, which can be used to improve patient outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.