ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2022
Still Left Behind: Fewer Black School-Aged Youth Receive ASD Diagnoses Compared to White Youth.
Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Help-Seeking Barriers for Racial-Ethnic Minority Caregivers Accessing Autism Diagnostic and Intervention Services.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Pooled it
- Bridging diagnostic safety and mental health: a systematic review highlighting inequities in autism spectrum disorder diagnosis.BMJ quality & safety · 2026Pooled it
- Who, when, where, and why: A systematic review of "late diagnosis" in autism.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Analysis of Disparities in Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Military Health System Pediatrics Population.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Associations Between Sociodemographic Predictors and Age of Referral for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Diagnosis Since the Beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Rates of Prolonged Autism Diagnosis Process & Prior Diagnoses in Mental Health Specialty Care.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- The Role of Stigma in the Autism Diagnostic and Intervention Process: Perspectives of Black Families in the Southeastern US.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Article
- Resilience and strengths in the Black autism community in the United States: A scoping review.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2024Article
- Gender, assigned sex at birth, and gender diversity: Windows into diagnostic timing disparities in autism.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2024Article
- Survey of the Landscape of Society Practice Guidelines for Genetic Testing of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Annals of neurology · 2024Review
- Toward Equity in Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2023Article
- Examination of Race and Autism Intersectionality Among African American/Black Young Adults.Autism in adulthood · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Prior research suggests that Black children are at risk for delays in diagnosis of autism, but factors that influence diagnostic timing across races remain unclear. This study analyzed data from Black and White children who received a first-time autism diagnosis at a specialty clinic. Black youth were under-represented in the group who received a first diagnosis in middle/late childhood (i.e., after age six). Receiving a diagnosis later in childhood was related to higher IQ (trend level) and more internalizing problems for White children whereas it was related to lower IQ (trend level) and higher ASD symptom intensity for Black children. Findings suggest racial disparities in early identification of autism may be diminishing but persist among those diagnosed later in childhood..
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.