ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2021
New and persistent controlled substance use among patients undergoing mastectomy and reconstructive surgery.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use and Outcomes of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Undergoing Surgery.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2025Article
- Long-Term Opioid Use After Free Flap Breast Reconstruction: Incidence and Associated Factors.Plastic surgery (Oakville, Ont.) · 2025Article
- The association between perioperative opioids and breast cancer recurrence: a narrative review of the literature.Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer · 2023Review
- New and Persistent Sedative-Hypnotic Use After Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeProlonged use of controlled substances can place patients at increased risk of dependence and complications. Women who have mastectomy and reconstructive surgery (M + R) may be vulnerable to becoming new persistent users (NPUs) of opioid and sedative-hypnotic medications.
methodsUsing the MarketScan health-care claims database, we identified opioid- and sedative-hypnotic-naïve women who had M + R from 2008 to 2017. Women who filled ≥ 1 peri-operative prescription and ≥ 2 post-operative prescriptions within one year after surgery were classified as NPUs. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate rates of new persistent use and predictive factors. Risk summary scores were created based on the sum of associated factors.
resultsWe evaluated 23,025 opioid-naïve women and 25,046 sedative-hypnotic-naïve women. We found that 17,174 opioid-naïve women filled a peri-operative opioid prescription, and of those, 2962 (17.2%) became opioid NPUs post-operatively. Additionally, 9426 sedative-hypnotic-naïve women filled a peri-operative sedative-hypnotic prescription, and of those, 1612 (17.1%) became sedative-hypnotic NPUs. Development of new persistent sedative-hypnotic use was associated with age ≤ 49 [OR 1.77 (95% CI 1.40-2.24)] and age 50-64 [1.60 (1.27-2.03)] compared to age ≥ 65; Medicaid insurance [2.34 (1.40-3.90)]; southern residence [1.42 (1.22-1.64)]; breast cancer diagnosis [2.24 (1.28-3.91)]; and chemotherapy [2.17 (1.94-2.42)]. Risk of NPU increased with higher risk score. Women with ≥ 3 of these risk factors were three times more likely to become sedative-hypnotic NPUs than patients with 0 or 1 factors [2.94 (2.51-3.43)]. Comparable findings were seen regarding new persistent opioid use.
conclusionWomen who have M + R are at risk of developing both new persistent opioid and new persistent sedative-hypnotic use. A patient's risk of becoming an NPU increases as their number of risk factors increases. Non-pharmacologic strategies are needed to manage pain and anxiety following cancer-related surgery.
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