Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34088564›Full record

ReviewTrends in biochemical sciences2021

Mitochondrial DNA: cellular genotoxic stress sentinel.

Zheng Wu, Alva G Sainz, Gerald S Shadel

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Trends in biochemical sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Mitochondria - the CEO of the cell.Journal of cell science · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Mitochondrial DNA in Exercise-Mediated Innate Immune Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Mitochondrial Protein-Coding Gene Expression in the LizardAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Zheng WuSalk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06437, USA.
Alva G SainzSalk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Graduate Program in Experimental Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06437, USA.
Gerald S ShadelSalk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: gshadel@salk.edu.
Salk Institute for Biological Studies · USYale University · US

Funding

Mitochondrial DNA Stress Activation of Interferon Signaling and Lupus PathologyR01AR069876 · NIAMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHADEL, GERALD · 2017 to 2021
$2.1M
REGULATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA-MEDIATED SIGNALING AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO CELLULAR AND ORGANISMAL AGINGF31AG062099 · NIA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SAINZ, ALVA GABRIELA · 2018 to 2022
$152k
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR069876NIA NIH HHS F31 AG062099
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High copy number, damage prone, and lean on repair mechanisms are unique features of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that are hard to reconcile with its essentiality for oxidative phosphorylation, the primary function ascribed to this maternally inherited component of our genome. We propose that mtDNA is also a genotoxic stress sentinel, as well as a direct second messenger of this type of cellular stress. Here, we discuss existing evidence for this sentinel/effector role through the ability of mtDNA to escape the confines of the mitochondrial matrix and activate nuclear DNA damage/repair responses via interferon-stimulated gene products and other downstream effectors. However, this arrangement may come at a cost, leading to cancer chemoresistance and contributing to inflammation, disease pathology, and aging.

Indexed as

DNA, MitochondrialMitochondriaCell NucleusDNA DamageDNA RepairOxidative StressDNA, MitochondrialcGAS-STINGchemoresistanceDNA repairinterferon-stimulated gene (ISG)mtDNAretrograde signaling

Identifiers

PMID34088564
PMCPMC9809014
OpenAlexW3164897961

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.