ArticleVirology journal2021
Specific cytokines in the inflammatory cytokine storm of patients with COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and extrapulmonary multiple-organ dysfunction.
Article in Virology journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurological Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2.Viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury in children with nephrotic syndrome: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
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- Metabolic reprogramming of endothelial-related pathways in COVID-19 patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy: a randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Pyridostigmine reduces mortality of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: A phase 2/3 randomized controlled trial.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Trial
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- Admission Cytokine Profiling for ICU Mortality Prediction in Heterogeneous Acute Respiratory Failure: An Exploratory Cytokine Profiling Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cytokine storm in acute respiratory distress syndrome.Journal of intensive medicine · 2026Review
- Roles of sex and SP-A genetic variants in modulating multiorgan injuries post viral infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Association of ulinastatin with 28-day mortality across different severities of viral pneumonia: a multicenter propensity score-matched study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Assessment of differences in clinical consequences between rituximab and interferon recipients in multiple sclerosis patients after recovery from COVID-19.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- The role of eCyPA as an inflammatory biomarker for predicting 28-day mortality in ARDS patients.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Advanced nanotherapies for precision treatment of inflammatory lung diseases.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- An infusible extracellular matrix biomaterial improves survival in a model of severe systemic inflammation.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- ALBACOVIDIOL Study: Effect of Calcifediol Treatment on Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Biomarker Patterns and Their Association with Lung Injury in COVID-19 Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Weathering the Storm: How Age and Biologics Influence the COVID-19 Cytokine Surge.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bayesian Modeling of the Impact of HBOT on the Reduction in Cytokine Storms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo date, specific cytokines associated with development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and extrapulmonary multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) in COVID-19 patients have not been systematically described. We determined the levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with COVID-19 and their relationships with ARDS and extrapulmonary MOD.
methodsThe clinical and laboratory data of 94 COVID-19 patients with and without ARDS were analyzed. The levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 [IL-6], IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α]) were measured on days 1, 3, and 5 following admission. Seventeen healthy volunteers were recruited as controls. Correlations in the levels of inflammatory cytokines with clinical and laboratory variables were analyzed, furthermore, we also explored the relationships of different cytokines with ARDS and extrapulmonary MOD.
resultsThe ARDS group had higher serum levels of all 4 inflammatory cytokines than the controls, and these levels steadily increased after admission. The ARDS group also had higher levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 than the non-ARDS group, and the levels of these cytokines correlated significantly with coagulation parameters and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α correlated with the levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen, and were also higher in ARDS patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). All 4 inflammatory cytokines had negative correlations with PaO
conclusionsThe cytokine storm apparently contributed to the development of ARDS and extrapulmonary MOD in COVID-19 patients. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 correlated with DIC, and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were associated with AKI. Relative to survivors, patients who died within 28 days had increased levels of IL-6 and IL-10.
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