ArticleExpert review of anti-infective therapy2022
NSAIDs/nitazoxanide/azithromycin repurposed for COVID-19: potential mitigation of the cytokine storm interleukin-6 amplifier via immunomodulatory effects.
Article in Expert review of anti-infective therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Nitazoxanide on the Clinical Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical drug investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Associations between the use of aspirin or other antiplatelet drugs and all-cause mortality among patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Review
- Why Certain Repurposed Drugs Are Unlikely to Be Effective Antivirals to Treat SARS-CoV-2 Infections.Viruses · 2024Article
- COVID-19 mortality paradox (United StatesWorld journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Evaluating NSAIDs in SARS-CoV-2: Immunomodulatory mechanisms and future therapeutic strategies.Heliyon · 2024Review
- The African Kelleni's roadmap using nitazoxanide and broad-spectrum antimicrobials to abort returning to COVID-19 square one.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Article
- Green "turn-off" luminescent nanosensors for the sensitive determination of desperately fluorescent antibacterial antiviral agent and its metabolite in various matrices.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Renin-Angiotensin System Components and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites as Biomarkers of COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Evolution of SARS CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BF.7 and XBB.1.5: Time to follow Africa and abort all COVID restrictions.The Journal of infection · 2023Article
- Developing New Treatments for COVID-19 through Dual-Action Antiviral/Anti-Inflammatory Small Molecules and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Potential reversal of pulmonary vasoplegia by inhaled ibuprofenate in COVID-19 pneumonia.Clinical and translational discovery · 2022Article
- Home pharmacological therapy in early COVID-19 to prevent hospitalization and reduce mortality: Time for a suitable proposal.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2022Review
- NSAIDs and Kelleni's protocol as potential early COVID-19 treatment game changer: could it be the final countdown?Inflammopharmacology · 2022Article
- A computational study of potential therapeutics for COVID-19 invoking conceptual density functional theory.Structural chemistry · 2022Article
- COVID-19, Ebola virus disease, and Nipah virus infection reclassification as novel acute immune dysrhythmia syndrome (n-AIDS): potential crucial role for immunomodulators.Immunologic research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionMediators of immunity and inflammation are playing a crucial role in COVID-19 pathogenesis and complications as demonstrated by several genetic and clinical studies. Thus, repurposing of drugs that possess anti-inflammatory and/or immune-modulatory effects for COVID-19 is considered a rational approach. AREAS COVERED: We analyze selected studies that correlated COVID-19 with dysregulated interferon and inflammatory responses while reflecting on our academic and real-life experience using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, nitazoxanide and azithromycin for management of COVID-19. Moreover, we interpret the results that suggested a potential survival benefit of low-dose aspirin and colchicine when used for COVID-19. EXPERT OPINION: Nitazoxanide/azithromycin combination has been first hypothesized by the author and practiced by him and several researchers to benefit COVID-19 patients due to a potential ability to augment the natural interferon response as well as their positive immunomodulatory effects on several cytokines. Furthermore, NSAIDs, that are unfortunately currently at best of second choice after paracetamol, have been early postulated and clinically practiced by the author to prevent or ameliorate COVID-19 complications and mortality due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Finally, we repeat our previous call to adopt our observational study that used these drugs in sufficiently powered double blind randomized clinical trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.