ReviewThe Lancet. Oncology2021
The effect of non-AIDS-defining cancers on people living with HIV.
Review in The Lancet. Oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Characteristics of solid versus hematologic malignancies in people living with human immunodeficiency virus.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Genotypes and Risk Factors for Anal Cytological Abnormalities in People Living With HIV and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus: The GAIA 2 Study Cytological Abnormalities in People Living With HIV and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus.Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology · 2026Article
- Thyroid cancer risk in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis of global population-based registry studies.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Review
- Inflammation and RONS Dysregulation by Redox Enzymes as Mechanistic Links in HIV-1-Cancer Comorbidity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A proimmunotoxin nanodrug targeting AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- Excessive reactive oxygen species attenuated IL-17 production in CD161Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Integration of HIV Status in Cancer Surveillance in South Africa: A Call for Action.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Incidence of Cancers Among Children Living With HIV in Malawi After Widespread Availability of Antiretroviral Therapy: A Population-Based Study.JCO global oncology · 2026Article
- Cultural Adaptation of a Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Stress and Self-Management Intervention for Hispanic Sexual Minority Men Living with HIV and Cancer: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- NADCdb: A Joint Transcriptomic Database for Non-AIDS-Defining Cancer Research in HIV-Positive Individuals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Social and Healthcare Disruptions Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Associations with Psychosocial Well-Being Among Cancer Survivors With and Without HIV: Findings from the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Incidence of severe immune-related adverse reactions in patients with HIV and cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Low yield of pathological lymph node metastasis among patients with invasive penile squamous cell carcinoma in the context of high HIV burden: evidence from a prospective cohort study in Zambia.Frontiers in urology · 2026Article
- Risk of Mortality Associated with Rapid versus Delayed ART Initiation and Associated Factors Among Late-Presenting People with HIV: An 8-Year Retrospective Analysis in China.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Cancer burden and risk factors among women with HIV: a multi-regional study from the D:A:D and RESPOND cohort collaborations.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- HIV-Associated Lymphomas: Updates from Pathogenesis to Treatment Strategies.Current HIV research · 2026Review
- Trends in Cancer Diagnoses Among People Living with HIV: A 20-Year Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Center in Thailand.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Advancing HIV and Cancer Research: Implementing an AIDS and Cancer Specimen Resource in Latin America.Biopreservation and biobanking · 2025Article
- Age-specific abnormal glucose metabolism in HIV-positive people on antiviral therapy in China: a multicenter case-control study.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Non-AIDS-defining cancers are a growing source of morbidity for people with HIV globally. Although people living with HIV have a disproportionately increased risk of developing virally mediated cancers, cancer burden for common non-AIDS-defining cancers that are not virally associated and are linked to ageing, such as prostate cancer, is becoming higher than for virally mediated cancers. Ageing, behavioural, and HIV-specific factors drive the incidence and affect the outcomes of non-AIDS-defining cancers, presenting different challenges for addressing global morbidity and mortality from non-AIDS-defining cancer. Although large population-based studies have shown that people living with HIV with non-AIDS-defining cancers have poorer cancer outcomes than do people without HIV, current guidelines emphasise that people living with HIV with non-AIDS-defining cancers should receive standard, guideline-based treatment, and infectious disease and oncology providers should work closely to address potential drug interactions between antiretroviral therapy and antineoplastic treatment. Most trials target preventive measures focusing on non-AIDS-defining cancers. However, treatment trials for the optimal management of people living with HIV and non-AIDS-defining cancer, including interventions such as immunotherapies, are needed to improve non-AIDS-defining cancer outcomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.