ArticlePloS one2021
Chronic heat stress delays immune system development and alters serotonin signaling in pre-weaned dairy calves.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Provision of active ventilation via solar-powered fans to outdoor hutches during summer improves immune responses of dairy heifers.JDS communications · 2026Article
- Seasonal metabolic and growth responses of grazing beef heifers divergent in residual feed intake.PloS one · 2026Article
- Understanding Climate Change Threats to Vertebrate Wildlife by Studying Ecoimmunology Across Biological Scales.Integrative and comparative biology · 2025Review
- Evaluating growth performance, hematological profiles, and metabolic health in Thai crossbred cattle under tropical conditions.Tropical animal health and production · 2025Article
- Unveiling the rumen-microbiome-brain circuit: a unique dimension of gut-brain axis in ruminants.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Effects of Feather-Pecking Phenotype on Physiological and Neurobiological Characteristics and Gut Microbiota Profile of Goslings.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Effects of perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and heat stress on performance and liver health biomarkers in post-pubertal gilts.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Exploring Evolutionary Adaptations and Genomic Advancements to Improve Heat Tolerance in Chickens.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Effects of thermal stress on calf welfare.JDS communications · 2024Article
- Short Road Transport and Slaughter Stress Affects the Expression Profile of Serotonin Receptors, Adrenocortical, and Hematochemical Responses in Horses.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Effect of repeated HPA axis stimulation on hair cortisol concentration, growth, and behavior in preweaned dairy cattle.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- A retrospective study of thermal events on the mortality rate of hutch-reared dairy calves.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Effects of dam metabolic profile and seasonality (Spring vs. Winter) on their offspring' metabolism, health, and immunity: maternal factors in dairy calves' analytes.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Removing maternal heat stress abatement during gestation modulated postnatal physiology and improved performance of Bos indicus-influenced beef offspring.Journal of animal science · 2023Article
- Hyperthermia-induced changes in leukocyte survival and phagocytosis: a comparative study in bovine and buffalo leukocytes.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Developmental Programming of Fertility in Cattle-Is It a Cause for Concern?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- In vitro effects of 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan supplementation on primary bovine mammary epithelial cell gene expression under thermoneutral or heat shock conditions.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exposure to heat stress can alter the development and immune system function in dairy calves. Serotonin is an immunomodulatory biogenic amine that functions as a neurotransmitter and as a stress-response mediator. Our objectives were to characterize the patterns of serum serotonin concentrations and the pattern of serotonin-related genes expressed by immune cells of calves exposed to chronic heat stress or heat stress abatement during early life, and to explore whether these might relate to immune system development. Dairy calves were exposed to chronic heat stress (HS; n = 6) or heat stress abatement (cooling, CL; n = 6) across the prenatal (late gestation, last 46 d) and postnatal (from birth to weaning, 56 d) developmental windows. Blood samples were collected to harvest serum (weekly, from d 1 to 49), to isolate of circulating leukocyte mRNA (at 1, 21 and 42 d of age) and characterize immune cell populations by flow cytometry (at 21 and 47 d of age). Calves exposed to chronic heat stress pre- and postnatally had lower red blood cell counts and lower circulating serotonin, immunoglobulin G, and B-lymphocytes compared to CL calves. Circulating blood leukocyte mRNA expression of serotonin receptors -1A, -1F, -4 and -5 was greater, while heat shock protein 70 and immune-related genes (i.e., TBX21, TLR4, and TGFβ) were lower in HS relative to CL calves. Peripheral blood leukocytes from all calves secreted serotonin and interleukin-6 after in-vitro lipopolysaccharide stimulation. However, the HS calves produced more serotonin and less interleukin-6 than CL calves when activated in-vitro. Together, our data suggest that providing heat stress abatement to dairy calves across prenatal and postnatal developmental windows might modulate the serotonin synthesis pathway in ways that may benefit humoral immunity against microbial pathogens.
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