ArticlePloS one2021
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the tribal populations in India.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differences in tuberculosis prevalence by sex in low- and middle-income countries over 1993-2025: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2026Pooled it
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- Evaluating the Usefulness of Artificial Intelligence-based Chest X-Ray Screening in Improving Tuberculosis Detection Among the High-Risk Tribal Population of Chhattisgarh, India: A Prospective Multi-Centre Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Burden on the burdened: tuberculosis among Scheduled Tribes and non-Scheduled Tribes in constitutionally protected Scheduled and non-Scheduled areas of India.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Bridging Gaps in Tuberculosis Control: A Culturally Competent Approach for Tribal Populations in India.Cureus · 2025Article
- Article
- Active case finding for tuberculosis in tea gardens of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional survey.PloS one · 2025Article
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- A retrospective study of zoonotic tuberculosis among livestock farmers of Lahore district using one health approach.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2024Article
- Hospitalisation expenditure on tuberculosis among tribal populations in India: A repeated cross-sectional analysis of national sample survey data, 2004 to 2018.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- The Predicted Potential Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Epidemic in Tamil Nadu, South India.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Tobacco smoking clusters in households affected by tuberculosis in an individual participant data meta-analysis of national tuberculosis prevalence surveys: Time for household-wide interventions?PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Treatment outcomes and challenges of treating tuberculosis in children in a nomadic pastoralist community in Kenya.African health sciences · 2023Article
- The Prevalence of Self-Reported Tuberculosis in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India: Evidence from the NFHS-IV and V.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic.Cureus · 2023Article
- Determinants of tuberculosis: an example of high tuberculosis burden in the Saharia tribe.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Health profile of people living in the Gare Palma mining area of Tamnar block, Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Health status ofThe Indian journal of medical research · 2022Article
- High incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in an indigenous Saharia tribe in Madhya Pradesh, central India-A prospective cohort study.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain lineage in mixed tribal population across India and Andaman Nicobar Island.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
27 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
importanceThere is no concrete evidence on the burden of TB among the tribal populations across India except for few studies mainly conducted in Central India with a pooled estimation of 703/100,000 with a high degree of heterogeneity.
objectiveTo estimate the prevalence of TB among the tribal populations in India. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS,
settingA survey using a multistage cluster sampling design was conducted between April 2015 and March 2020 covering 88 villages (clusters) from districts with over 70% tribal majority populations in 17 States across 6 zones of India. The sample populations included individuals ≥15 years old. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES: Eligible participants who were screened through an interview for symptoms suggestive of pulmonary TB (PTB); Two sputum specimens were examined by smear and culture. Prevalence was estimated after multiple imputations for non-coverage and a correction factor of 1.31 was then applied to account for non-inclusion of X-ray screening.
resultsA total of 74532 (81.0%) of the 92038 eligible individuals were screened; 2675 (3.6%) were found to have TB symptoms or h/o ATT. The overall prevalence of PTB was 432 per 100,000 populations. The PTB prevalence per 100,000 populations was highest 625 [95% CI: 496-754] in the central zone and least 153 [95% CI: 24-281] in the west zone. Among the 17 states that were covered in this study, Odisha recorded the highest prevalence of 803 [95% CI: 504-1101] and Jammu and Kashmir the lowest 127 [95% CI: 0-310] per 100,000 populations. Findings from multiple logistic regression analysis reflected that those aged 35 years and above, with BMI <18.5 Kgs /m2, h/o ATT, smoking, and/or consuming alcohol had a higher risk of bacteriologically positive PTB. Weight loss was relatively more important symptom associated with tuberculosis among this tribal populations followed by night sweats, blood in sputum, and fever. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: The overall prevalence of PTB among tribal groups is higher than the general populations with a wide variation of prevalence of PTB among the tribal groups at zone and state levels. These findings call for strengthening of the TB control efforts in tribal areas to reduce TB prevalence through tribal community/site-specific intervention programs.
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