Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34086447›Full record

Trial reportEnvironmental science & technology2021

Longitudinal Effects of a Sanitation Intervention on Environmental Fecal Contamination in a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Bangladesh.

Jesse D Contreras, Mahfuza Islam, Andrew Mertens, Amy J Pickering, Laura H Kwong, Benjamin F Arnold, Jade Benjamin-Chung, Alan E Hubbard, Mahfuja Alam, Debashis Sen and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Environmental science & technology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01590095 (WASH Benefits Bangladesh), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01590095 naunknown statusnot on this map

WASH Benefits Bangladesh: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of the Benefits of Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Plus Nutrition Interventions on Child Growth

TypeinterventionalSponsorInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, BangladeshRan2012 to 2022Enrolled5,040ConditionsMalnutrition, Diarrhea, Child DevelopmentArmsWater quality, Sanitation, Hand washing, Water quality, Sanitation, Hand washing (Combined WASH), Nutrition
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Article
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  10. Associations between floor material andbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  11. PersistentEnvironmental science & technology · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Jesse D ContrerasDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9766-2945
Mahfuza IslamEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0003-2810-9211
Andrew MertensDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Amy J PickeringDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6193-2221
Laura H KwongWoods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Benjamin F ArnoldFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States.
Jade Benjamin-ChungDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Alan E HubbardDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Mahfuja AlamEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Debashis SenEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Sharmin IslamEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Mahbubur RahmanEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Leanne UnicombEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Stephen P LubyWoods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
John M ColfordDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Ayse ErcumenDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES025128 · NIEHS · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI Sue Fenton · 2015 to 2026
$18.3M
Effects of sanitation on pathogen transmission and child health in BangladeshR01HD078912 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI COLFORD, JOHN M · 2014 to 2017
$2.2M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD078912NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES025128
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Household latrine access generally is not associated with reduced fecal contamination in the environment, but its long-term effectiveness has not been measured. We conducted an environmental assessment nested within the WASH Benefits Bangladesh randomized controlled trial (NCT01590095). We quantified

Indexed as

Escherichia coliSanitationAnimalsBangladeshChildFecesHumansRural PopulationToilet Facilitieschild feces managementdisease transmission pathwaysE. colienvironmental samplingfecal indicator bacterialatrinepottyWASH

Identifiers

PMID34086447
PMCPMC8213058

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.