Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34085616›Full record

SynthesisEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2021

Role of age, gender and marital status in prognosis for adults with depression: An individual patient data meta-analysis.

J E J Buckman, R Saunders, J Stott, L-L Arundell, C O'Driscoll, M R Davies, T C Eley, S D Hollon, T Kendrick, G Ambler and 11 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
16.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Association of the C-1019G (rs6295) Polymorphism of theDiseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 12 institutions in 3 countries.

J E J BuckmanResearch Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness (CORE), University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7HB, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-0907
R SaundersResearch Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness (CORE), University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7HB, UK.
J StottResearch Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness (CORE), University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7HB, UK.
L-L ArundellResearch Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness (CORE), University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7HB, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2325-7752
C O'DriscollResearch Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness (CORE), University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7HB, UK.
M R DaviesSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, LondonSE5 8AF, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3483-9907
T C EleySocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, LondonSE5 8AF, UK.
S D HollonDepartment of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37240, USA.
T KendrickFaculty of Medicine, Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO16 5ST, UK.
G AmblerStatistical Science, University College London, LondonWC1E 7HB, UK.
Z D CohenDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
E WatkinsDepartment of Psychology, University of Exeter, ExeterEX4 4QG, UK.
S GilbodyDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, UK.
N WilesCentre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, BristolBS8 2BN, UK.
D KesslerCentre for Academic Primary Care, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Bristol, UK.
D RichardsInstitute of Health Research, University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, ExeterEX1 2LU, UK.
S BrabynDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, UK.
E LittlewoodDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, UK.
R J DeRubeisDepartment of Psychology, School of Arts and Sciences, 425 S. University Avenue, PhiladelphiaPA, 19104-60185, USA.
G LewisDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, LondonW1T 7NF, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5205-8245
S PillingResearch Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness (CORE), University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7HB, UK.
Department of Health and Social Care · GBUniversity of York · GBKing's College London · GBUniversity of Bristol · GBRoyal Statistical Society · GBUniversity College London · GBUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of Exeter · GBUniversity of Southampton · GBUniversity of the Arts · USVanderbilt University · USWestern Norway University of Applied Sciences · NO

Funding

Medical Research Council G0200243Medical Research Council G0701013Wellcome Trust 201292
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo determine whether age, gender and marital status are associated with prognosis for adults with depression who sought treatment in primary care.

methodsMedline, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central were searched from inception to 1st December 2020 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adults seeking treatment for depression from their general practitioners, that used the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule so that there was uniformity in the measurement of clinical prognostic factors, and that reported on age, gender and marital status. Individual participant data were gathered from all nine eligible RCTs (N = 4864). Two-stage random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to ascertain the independent association between: (i) age, (ii) gender and (iii) marital status, and depressive symptoms at 3-4, 6-8,<Vinod: Please carry out the deletion of serial commas throughout the article> and 9-12 months post-baseline and remission at 3-4 months. Risk of bias was evaluated using QUIPS and quality was assessed using GRADE. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019129512. Pre-registered protocol https://osf.io/e5zup/.

resultsThere was no evidence of an association between age and prognosis before or after adjusting for depressive 'disorder characteristics' that are associated with prognosis (symptom severity, durations of depression and anxiety, comorbid panic disorderand a history of antidepressant treatment). Difference in mean depressive symptom score at 3-4 months post-baseline per-5-year increase in age = 0(95% CI: -0.02 to 0.02). There was no evidence for a difference in prognoses for men and women at 3-4 months or 9-12 months post-baseline, but men had worse prognoses at 6-8 months (percentage difference in depressive symptoms for men compared to women: 15.08% (95% CI: 4.82 to 26.35)). However, this was largely driven by a single study that contributed data at 6-8 months and not the other time points. Further, there was little evidence for an association after adjusting for depressive 'disorder characteristics' and employment status (12.23% (-1.69 to 28.12)). Participants that were either single (percentage difference in depressive symptoms for single participants: 9.25% (95% CI: 2.78 to 16.13) or no longer married (8.02% (95% CI: 1.31 to 15.18)) had worse prognoses than those that were married, even after adjusting for depressive 'disorder characteristics' and all available confounders.

conclusionClinicians and researchers will continue to routinely record age and gender, but despite their importance for incidence and prevalence of depression, they appear to offer little information regarding prognosis. Patients that are single or no longer married may be expected to have slightly worse prognoses than those that are married. Ensuring this is recorded routinely alongside depressive 'disorder characteristics' in clinic may be important.

Indexed as

Antidepressive AgentsDepressionAdultAnxietyFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMarital StatusPrognosisAntidepressive AgentsDepressionindividual patient data meta-analysisprognosissystematic reviewtreatment outcomes

Identifiers

PMID34085616
PMCPMC7610920
OpenAlexW3164208474

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.