ArticleJournal of current ophthalmology
Outcomes and Dose-Response Ratio of Surgery on Three Muscles in Large-Angle Exotropia.
Article in Journal of current ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenge to the concept of surgical dose-response for moderate to large angle exotropia.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Outcomes of Simultaneous Three- or Four-Horizontal Muscle Surgery for Very Large-Angle Convergence Insufficiency-Type and Basic-Type Exotropia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Botulinum toxin augmented bilateral lateral rectus recession versus three muscles surgery in large-angle intermittent exotropia.International journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the efficacy of three-muscle surgery for the treatment of large-angle exotropia with particular attention to the success rate and mean dose-response ratio.
methodsIn a retrospective study, medical records were reviewed for 48 patients with exodeviation between 50 and 80 prism diopter (PD) who underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession as well as one medial rectus resection. Sex, age at surgery, presence of amblyopia, amount of preoperative and postoperative deviation, total amount of recessed and resected muscles, dose-response ratio, and associated vertical deviations were analyzed.
resultsThe mean age of patients at surgery was 25.4 ± 14.3 years old (range, 1-55). The mean preoperative deviation was measured 62.8 ± 7.5 PD (range, 50-80 PD). The mean amount of total recession and resection was 23 ± 1.3 mm. After a mean follow-up of 15 ± 25 months (range, 3-144), 85.4% of patients were within 10 PD of orthophoria. The mean postoperative deviation decreased to 3.8 ± 7.5 PD (range, 0-30 PD). A mean dose-response ratio of 2.5 ± 0.3 PD/mm (range, 0.9-3.1 PD/mm) was found. Of all patients, 14.6% demonstrated undercorrection.
conclusionSimultaneous surgery on three muscles is an effective method in resolving large-angle exotropia and results in excellent outcomes with low risk of undercorrection.
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