Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34083674›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

An integrative measure of cognitive performance, but not individual task performance, is linked to male reproductive output in budgerigars.

Angela Medina-García, Timothy F Wright

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Sexual Selection as a Driver of Shared Neural and Reproductive Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  3. Demonstrating the reproductive consequences of cognition: learning from experience.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Angela Medina-GarcíaDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado at Boulder, 334 UCB, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. Angela.MedinaGarcia@Colorado.edu.
Timothy F WrightDepartment of Biology, New Mexico State University, MSC 3AF, 1200 Horseshoe Drive, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.

Funding

TCCG12MD007592 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS EL PASO · PI KIRKEN, ROBERT A. · 2012 to 2018
$19.4M
Role of FoxP2 in neural plasticity subserving adult vocal learning and social intSC1GM112582 · NIGMS · NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY LAS CRUCES · PI WRIGHT, TIMOTHY F · 2015 to 2018
$1.1M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIGMS NIH HHS SC1 GM112582NIMHD NIH HHS G12 MD007592
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cognitive abilities such as learning and memory are key for survival and reproduction. Individuals with high cognitive abilities may be more successful at attracting mates and producing offspring. However, empirical tests of and evidence supporting this hypothesis remain scarce. We measured cognitive performance of male budgerigars in four tasks: problem solving, detour reaching, seed discrimination, and spatial memory. We then tested female choice for male cognition at three stages of the mating choice process: social pairing, extra-pair mating, and continued reproductive investment with a social mate. We also measured female reproductive output. We used an integrative measure of male cognitive performance that encapsulates performance across all tasks, the 'composite cognitive score' by summing performance on the four tasks. In the first stage, females did not choose their social mates based on any of the measures of male cognitive performance. In the second stage, however, males with higher composite cognitive scores sired and raised more offspring. In the third stage, females increased their reproductive investment after the first breeding attempt when paired with males with higher detour-reaching scores. These results suggest that female reproductive decisions may shape overall male cognitive performance.

Indexed as

Behavior, AnimalCognitionPsychomotor PerformanceAnimalsFemaleGenetic FitnessMaleMating Preference, AnimalSex FactorsSexual Behavior, AnimalTask Performance and Analysis

Identifiers

PMID34083674
PMCPMC8175410

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.