ArticleBMJ open2021
Cognitive development of children with Kawasaki disease and the parenting stress of their caregivers in Taiwan: a case-control study.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Kawasaki disease with intellectual disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Linking Kawasaki Disease to Mental Health: A Nationwide Study on Long-Term Neurological Risks.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Polymorphism-driven immune disruptions in Kawasaki disease across populations: decoding the role of T and B-cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Sex differences in vitamin D and behavioral profiles among children with allergic diseases.Food science & nutrition · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveKawasaki disease (KD) is an acute form of febrile vasculitis that occurs in early childhood. The multisystemic vasculitis common in patients with KD may influence blood perfusion in the brain, and thus caregivers of children with KD may feel stress with regard to caring for them. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusion is the standard treatment for acute KD, and the most serious complication of KD is coronary artery aneurysms (coronary artery lesion (CAL)). This study aimed to investigate the relationships between KD heterogeneity and the risk of patients' cognitive impairment or caregivers' parenting stress.
designA case-control study with consecutive sampling.
settingA medical centre (Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan).
participantsThis study consisted of 176 patients with KD (mean age: 5.5 years, 60.8% boys) and 85 healthy children (mean age: 6.4 years, 54.1% boys). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Based on the children's age, each patient with KD and control subject was administered an assessment using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning or the Wechsler Intelligence Scale, and parenting function of their caregivers was assessed using the Parenting Stress Index (PSI)-Short Form.
resultsWe observed no significant differences in any developmental index, cognitive function or parenting stress between patients with KD and controls. Among the children with KD, IVIG administration nor CAL was associated with children's cognitive scores. However, the caregivers of patients who had CAL suffered from greater PSI total scores than those of patients without CAL. Furthermore, the caregivers who had education levels of a master's degree or above showed less parenting stress than those who had an education level of college or lower.
conclusionCaregivers' education is associated to parenting stress, and caregivers of patients with KD who developed CAL may feel stress about the unpredictable sequela caused by CAL for their children. Such caregivers may require support to fulfil their parenting roles.
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