Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34080323›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental dental research2021

Association of oral hygiene practices with the outcome of untreated dental caries and its clinical consequences in pre- and primary school children: A cross-sectional study in a northern province of Saudi Arabia.

Ravi Kumar Gudipaneni, Santosh R Patil, Ali A Assiry, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Vinod Bandela, Kiran Kumar Metta, Redha Almuhanna

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental dental research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Parental oral health knowledge and sociodemographic influences in children aged 2-12 years: a cross-sectional study in Valencia, Spain.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ravi Kumar GudipaneniDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Division, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-3616-4042
Santosh R PatilDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.ORCID 0000-0003-0715-497X
Ali A AssiryPreventive Dental Science Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Mohmed Isaqali KarobariConservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-0313-9695
Vinod BandelaFixed Division, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-5228-7133
Kiran Kumar MettaDepartment of Conservative Dental Sciences, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-3296-6649
Redha AlmuhannaSaudi Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo assess the association amongst oral hygiene practices, untreated dental caries (UDC) and clinical consequences of UDC in pre- and primary school children aged 3-5 and 6-7 years. MATERIALS AND

methodsA total of 250 subjects were recruited. The demographic and oral hygiene data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire. The UDC was measured using the 'd/D' component of the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft/DMFT) index, and its clinical consequences were recorded using the 'p/P' component of the pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula and abscess (pufa/PUFA) index. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.

resultsOverall, 94.2% and 56.5% of the participants had one or more UDC and pulp involvement (p ≥ 1), respectively in 3-5-year-old age group. In the 6-7-year- age group the prevalence of UDC was 26.7% and the pulp involvement was 11.6%. Children who brushed with their fingers were 4.7 times more likely to have UDC (crude odds ratio [COR] = 4.71; 95% CI: 1.21-18.40). Twice-daily brushing resulted in a 39% (p = 0.732) lower likelihood of having UDC compared with once-daily brushing (COR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.04, 10.09). Children with irregular brushing frequency were 3.2 times more likely to have pulpal involvement (COR = 3.21; 95% CI: 1.74-5.93).

conclusionFinger brushing, irregular frequency of brushing and lack of parental supervision whilst brushing were associated with UDC and its consequences.

Indexed as

Dental CariesOral HygieneChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesDMF IndexHumansSaudi ArabiaSchoolsdental cariesdmft indexoral hygiene practicepufa indexuntreated dental caries

Identifiers

PMID34080323
PMCPMC8638273

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.