ReviewClinical and experimental immunology2021
Magnetic resonance imaging in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
Review in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain atrophy in NMOSD and MOGAD: a meta-analysis of volumetric and DTI biomarkers.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Magnetic resonance imaging-based biomarkers of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Global trends and emerging hotspots in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder diagnostic research: A bibliometric analysis.Medicine · 2026Review
- Early rituximab and structured rehabilitation drive rapid functional restoration in steroid- and PLEX-refractory NMOSD: a case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the DTI-ALPS index in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study of its correlation with disease duration and disability.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- A case of isolated brainstem bright spotty lesion in a patient with AQP4-positive NMOSD.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Splenial lesions of the corpus callosum: a comprehensive study on etiology, clinical presentation, radiological features, and prognostic insights.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Co-occurrence of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Article
- ISMRM Clinical Focus Meeting 2023: "Imaging the Fire in the Brain".Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025Article
- Peripheral blood immune inflammatory markers in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Imaging biomarkers in optic neuritis: current tools and future directions.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Demyelination and impaired oligodendrogenesis in the corpus callosum following lead exposure.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2024Article
- Neuroimaging feature in identifying acute myelopathy etiologies: comparison between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and cervical spondylotic myelopathy.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- The influence of MOGAD on diagnosis of multiple sclerosis using MRI.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- Autoimmune Encephalitis: Insights Into Immune-Mediated Central Nervous System Injury.Korean journal of radiology · 2024Review
- Tumefactive demyelinating lesions: a challenging first manifestation of multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- In patients with mild disability NMOSD: is the alteration in the cortical morphological or functional network topological properties more significant.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Bilateral anterior thalamic symmetrical infarction: a case study.BMC neurology · 2023Article
- Imaging immune responses in neuroinflammatory diseases.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) associated with antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which has distinct clinical, radiological and pathological features, but also has some overlap with multiple sclerosis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody associated disease. Early recognition of NMOSD is important because of differing responses to both acute and preventive therapy. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has proved essential in this process. Key MR imaging clues to the diagnosis of NMOSD are longitudinally extensive lesions of the optic nerve (more than half the length) and spinal cord (three or more vertebral segments), bilateral optic nerve lesions and lesions of the optic chiasm, area postrema, floor of the IV ventricle, periaqueductal grey matter, hypothalamus and walls of the III ventricle. Other NMOSD-specific lesions are denoted by their unique morphology: heterogeneous lesions of the corpus callosum, 'cloud-like' gadolinium (Gd)-enhancing white matter lesions and 'bright spotty' lesions of the spinal cord. Other lesions described in NMOSD, including linear periventricular peri-ependymal lesions and patch subcortical white matter lesions, may be less specific. The use of advanced MR imaging techniques is yielding further useful information regarding focal degeneration of the thalamus and optic radiation in NMOSD and suggests that paramagnetic rim patterns and changes in normal appearing white matter are specific to MS. MR imaging is crucial in the early recognition of NMOSD and in directing testing for AQP4 antibodies and guiding immediate acute treatment decisions. Increasingly, MR imaging is playing a role in diagnosing seronegative cases of NMOSD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.