ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Future Biomarkers for Infection and Inflammation in Febrile Children.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- From Conventional Detection to Point-of-care Tests (POCT) Method for Pediatric Respiratory Infections Diagnosis: A Systematic Review.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Translational opportunities in aptamer and nanobody lateral flow assays within the WHO REASSURED framework.Sensors & diagnostics · 2026Review
- AnViruses · 2025Article
- Impact of Antibiotic Exposure on Pediatric Drug Eruption: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2025Article
- Preoperative inflammatory markers in pediatric appendicitis: associations with disease severity, postoperative recovery, pain, and surgical outcomes.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- CD177, MYBL2, and RRM2 Are Potential Biomarkers for Musculoskeletal Infections.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2025Article
- The utility of sTREM-1 and presepsin to predict infection in pediatric patients receiving mechanical circulatory support.The journal of extra-corporeal technology · 2025Article
- Correlation of Inflammatory Biomarkers and IgG4 Antibodies with Malaria in Cameroon's Buea Municipality Children.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Utility of Cytokine Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Pediatric Pyogenic Musculoskeletal Infections.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Acute phase proteins patterns as biomarkers in bacterial infection: Recent insights.Open veterinary journal · 2024Review
- Integration and validation of host transcript signatures, including a novel 3-transcript tuberculosis signature, to enable one-step multiclass diagnosis of childhood febrile disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Protocol for the diagnostic performance of C reactive protein, procalcitonin and interleukin-6 for serious bacterial infections among children ≤36 months old presenting with fever without source: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Article
- Changes in Clinical Features and Severity of COVID-19 with the Emergence of Omicron Variants: A Shift Towards a Common Disease.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Immunoregulatory protein B7-H3 upregulated in bacterial and viral infection and its diagnostic potential in clinical settings.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- A comparative study on the use of procalcitonin to distinguish between central fever and infectious causes of fever.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Future Biomarkers for Infection and Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Review
- Implications of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Standardized Whole Blood Assay and Bead-Based Cytokine Profiling Reveal Commonalities and Diversity of the Response to Bacteria and TLR Ligands in Cattle.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Febrile patients, suffering from an infection, inflammatory disease or autoimmunity may present with similar or overlapping clinical symptoms, which makes early diagnosis difficult. Therefore, biomarkers are needed to help physicians form a correct diagnosis and initiate the right treatment to improve patient outcomes following first presentation or admittance to hospital. Here, we review the landscape of novel biomarkers and approaches of biomarker discovery. We first discuss the use of current plasma parameters and whole blood biomarkers, including results obtained by RNA profiling and mass spectrometry, to discriminate between bacterial and viral infections. Next we expand upon the use of biomarkers to distinguish between infectious and non-infectious disease. Finally, we discuss the strengths as well as the potential pitfalls of current developments. We conclude that the use of combination tests, using either protein markers or transcriptomic analysis, have advanced considerably and should be further explored to improve current diagnostics regarding febrile infections and inflammation. If proven effective when combined, these biomarker signatures will greatly accelerate early and tailored treatment decisions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.