ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2021
Methylene Blue Application to Lessen Pain: Its Analgesic Effect and Mechanism.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05990569 (A Randomized Comparative Study of Pudendal Nerve Block With Bupivacaine Alone and Bupivacaine With Methylene Blue for Postoperative Analgesia in Perianal Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Comparative Study of Pudendal Nerve Block With Bupivacaine Alone and Bupivacaine With Methylene Blue for Postoperative Analgesia in Perianal Surgery
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of methylene blue for postoperative pain of haemorrhoids: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of methylene blue infiltrating injection on anal pain after Milligan-Morgan surgery: A randomized controlled clinical study.Medicine · 2026Trial
- Analgesic effect of ropivacaine combined with methylene blue in fascia Iliaca block for patients undergoing hip arthroplasty.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Trial
- Methylene Blue Injection for Pain Reduction at Iliac Crest Donor Sites: A Randomized Trial and Meta-analysis.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- 14. Discogenic Low Back Pain.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2025Review
- Methylene Blue Alleviates Inflammatory and Oxidative Lung Injury in a Rat Model of Feces-Induced Peritonitis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Redispersible CuO nanoparticles: preparation and photocatalytic capacity for the degradation of methylene blue.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Analgesic efficacy and safety of methylene blue combined with cocktail for periarticular infiltration following total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, controlled study.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- A Finite Element Method for Modeling Diffusion and Drug Release from Nanocellulose/Nanoporous Silicon Composites.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Addressing Pain in Oral Mucositis: Narrative Review of Current Practices and Emerging Treatments.Journal of pain research · 2025Review
- Intradermal methylene blue analgesic application in posthemorrhoidectomy pain management: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in surgery · 2024Article
- Increased Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Discogenic Neck Pain.Orthopaedic surgery · 2024Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Activity ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Uterine Anaphylaxis Due to Subcutaneous Immunotherapy (SCIT) for Inhalant Allergens: A Case Series.Cureus · 2023Article
- Epineural Methylene Blue Injection May Aid Localization of Digital Nerves in Dupuytren's Surgery.European surgical research. Europaische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales europeennes · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is a cationic thiazine dye, widely used as a biological stain and chemical indicator. Growing evidence have revealed that MB functions to restore abnormal vasodilation and notably it is implicated even in pain relief. Physicians began to inject MB into degenerated disks to relieve pain in patients with chronic discogenic low back pain (CDLBP), and some of them achieved remarkable outcomes. For osteoarthritis and colitis, MB abates inflammation by suppressing nitric oxide production, and ultimately relieves pain. However, despite this clinical efficacy, MB has not attracted much public attention in terms of pain relief. Accordingly, this review focuses on how MB lessens pain, noting three major actions of this dye: anti-inflammation, sodium current reduction, and denervation. Moreover, we showed controversies over the efficacy of MB on CDLBP and raised also toxicity issues to look into the limitation of MB application. This analysis is the first attempt to illustrate its analgesic effects, which may offer a novel insight into MB as a pain-relief dye.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.