ArticleInfection and drug resistance2021
Assessment of Gut Bacteria Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Among Psychotropic Drug Users: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmaco-psychiatry and gut microbiome: a systematic review of effects of psychotropic drugs for bipolar disorder.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Antipsychotic quetiapine alters the mouse fecal resistome by impacting antibiotic efflux, cell membrane, and cell wall synthesis genes.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionIn the twenty-first century, antibiotic resistance is becoming one of the major global public health threats. Several complex factors are associated with the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. Emerging evidences are indicating that drugs used for chronic illness conditions might have a contribution for antibiotic resistance either through drug-drug interactions or metabolism of the drugs by gut microbiota.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the bacteria profile and resistance patterns of gut bacteria isolated from participants using psychotropic drugs and apparently healthy controls.
methodsSocio-demographic data were collected from patients using psychotropic medications and apparently healthy persons. Clinical data were collected from patient records. Stool samples were collected from 107 patients using psychotropic medications and 107 apparently healthy controls. Gut bacterial flora were isolated and identified using oxidase, indole, and BD BBL crystal Enteric/Non-fermenter identification system. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done using the disk diffusion method, and Mast disks were used to identify extended-spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) and/or AmpC-producing isolates.
resultsA total of 245 bacterial isolates were isolated and identified. From these, 124 (50.6%) bacteria were isolated from patients using Psychotropic medications. There was no bacteria profile difference between the two groups.
conclusionThe observed antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from guts of patients using psychotropic medications was very high. The magnitude of antibiotic resistance is more pronounced among
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