Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34079004›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Deep learning-based classification of blue light cystoscopy imaging during transurethral resection of bladder tumors.

Nairveen Ali, Christian Bolenz, Tilman Todenhöfer, Arnulf Stenzel, Peer Deetmar, Martin Kriegmair, Thomas Knoll, Stefan Porubsky, Arndt Hartmann, Jürgen Popp and 2 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed.

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  14. Comparative Bladder Cancer Tissues Prediction Using Vision Transformer.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2025
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  20. Bladder Cancer and Artificial Intelligence: Emerging Applications.The Urologic clinics of North America · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nairveen AliInstitute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.
Christian BolenzDepartment of Urology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Tilman TodenhöferDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Arnulf StenzelDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Peer DeetmarPathology Munich-Nord, Munich, Germany.
Martin KriegmairUrological Hospital Munich-Planegg, Munich, Germany.
Thomas KnollDepartment of Urology, Hospital Sindelfingen-Böblingen, University of Tübingen, Sindelfingen, Germany.
Stefan PorubskyInstitute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Arndt HartmannInstitute of Pathology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Jürgen PoppInstitute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.
Maximilian C KriegmairDepartment of Urology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. Maximilian.Kriegmair@medma.uni-heidelberg.de.
Thomas BocklitzInstitute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (IPC), Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany. thomas.bocklitz@uni-jena.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bladder cancer is one of the top 10 frequently occurring cancers and leads to most cancer deaths worldwide. Recently, blue light (BL) cystoscopy-based photodynamic diagnosis was introduced as a unique technology to enhance the detection of bladder cancer, particularly for the detection of flat and small lesions. Here, we aim to demonstrate a BL image-based artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic platform using 216 BL images, that were acquired in four different urological departments and pathologically identified with respect to cancer malignancy, invasiveness, and grading. Thereafter, four pre-trained convolution neural networks were utilized to predict image malignancy, invasiveness, and grading. The results indicated that the classification sensitivity and specificity of malignant lesions are 95.77% and 87.84%, while the mean sensitivity and mean specificity of tumor invasiveness are 88% and 96.56%, respectively. This small multicenter clinical study clearly shows the potential of AI based classification of BL images allowing for better treatment decisions and potentially higher detection rates.

Indexed as

Deep LearningCystoscopyHumansImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedLightNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm InvasivenessSensitivity and SpecificityUrethraUrinary Bladder Neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID34079004
PMCPMC8172542

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.