Observational studyScandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine2021
Diagnostic accuracy of prehospital serum S100B and GFAP in patients with mild traumatic brain injury: a prospective observational multicenter cohort study - "the PreTBI I study".
Observational study in Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02867137 (Diagnostic Potential of S100B and GFAP in Prehospital Rule-out of Intracranial Lesions in Patients Suffering Mild Traumatic Brain Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Diagnostic Potential of S100B and GFAP in Prehospital Rule-out of Intracranial Lesions in Patients Suffering Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic Accuracy of S100B in Predicting Intracranial Abnormalities on CT Imaging Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Neurocritical care · 2025Pooled it
- Accuracy of GFAP and UCH-L1 in predicting brain abnormalities on CT scans after mild traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2025Pooled it
- S100B, GFAP, UCH-L1 and NSE as predictors of abnormalities on CT imaging following mild traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy.Neurosurgical review · 2022Pooled it
- Catch-and-display immunoassay for digital biomarker detection.Nanoscale horizons · 2026Article
- Astroglial and Neuronal Injury Markers (GFAP, UCHL-1, NfL, Tau, S100B) as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in PTSD and Neurological Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Catch-and-Display Immunoassay as an Accessible Platform for Digital Biomarker Detection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Traumatic Brain Injury in Patients under Anticoagulant Therapy: Review of Management in Emergency Department.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Patients suffering traumatic brain injury: patient characteristics, prehospital triage, primary referral and mortality - A population-based follow-up study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2024Observational
- Management of traumatic brain injury in adult-A cross-sectional national study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- The S100B Protein: A Multifaceted Pathogenic Factor More Than a Biomarker.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Double Blast Wave Primary Effect on Synaptic, Glymphatic, Myelin, Neuronal and Neurovascular Markers.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Detecting Intracranial Injuries Following Minor Head Trauma; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2023Review
- Post-Concussion Symptoms Rule: Derivation and Validation of a Clinical Decision Rule for Early Prediction of Persistent Symptoms after a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2022Article
- Temporal Changes in Serum S100B Levels From Prehospital to Early In-Hospital Sampling in Patients Suffering Traumatic Brain Injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe biomarker serum S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) is used in in-hospital triage of adults with mild traumatic brain injury to rule out intracranial lesions. The biomarker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is suggested as a potential diagnostic biomarker for traumatic brain injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of early prehospital S100B and GFAP measurements to rule out intracranial lesions in adult patients with mild traumatic brain injury.
methodsPrehospital and in-hospital blood samples were drawn from 566 adult patients with mild traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale Score 14-15). The index test was S100B and GFAP concentrations. The reference standard was endpoint adjudication of the traumatic intracranial lesion based on medical records. The primary outcome was prehospital sensitivity of S100B in relation to the traumatic intracranial lesion.
resultsTraumatic intracranial lesions were found in 32/566 (5.6%) patients. The sensitivity of S100B > 0.10 μg/L was 100% (95%CI: 89.1;100.0) in prehospital samples and 100% (95% CI 89.1;100.0) in in-hospital samples. The specificity was 15.4% (95%CI: 12.4;18.7) in prehospital samples and 31.5% (27.5;35.6) in in-hospital samples. GFAP was only detected in less than 2% of cases with the assay used.
conclusionEarly prehospital and in-hospital S100B levels < 0.10 μg/L safely rules out traumatic intracranial lesions in adult patients with mild traumatic brain injury, but specificity is lower with early prehospital sampling than with in-hospital sampling. The very limited cases with values detectable with our assay do not allow conclusions to be draw regarding the diagnostic accuracy of GFAP.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02867137 .
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.