Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34078433›Full record

ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2021

Cell surface Nucleolin represents a novel cellular target for neuroblastoma therapy.

Chiara Brignole, Veronica Bensa, Nuno A Fonseca, Genny Del Zotto, Silvia Bruno, Ana F Cruz, Fabiana Malaguti, Barbara Carlini, Fabio Morandi, Enzo Calarco and 14 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  10. Click-constructed modular signal aptamer chimeras enable receptor-independent degradation of membrane proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Chiara BrignoleLaboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Veronica BensaLaboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Nuno A FonsecaCNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Coimbra, Portugal.
Genny Del ZottoDepartment of Research and Diagnostics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Silvia BrunoDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Ana F CruzCNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Coimbra, Portugal.
Fabiana MalagutiDepartment of Pathology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Barbara CarliniDepartment of Pathology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Fabio MorandiStem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Enzo CalarcoLaboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Patrizia PerriLaboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Vera MouraCNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Coimbra, Portugal.
Laura EmioniteAnimal Facility, IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Michele CilliAnimal Facility, IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Francesco De LeonardisDepartment of Pediatric Oncology, Azienda Ospedale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy.
Annalisa TondoUOC Oncologia Pediatrica, Ospedale Meyer, Florence, Italy.
Loredana AmorosoUOC Oncologia, IRCCS Istituto Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Massimo ConteUOC Oncologia, IRCCS Istituto Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Alberto GaraventaUOC Oncologia, IRCCS Istituto Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Angela R SementaDepartment of Pathology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Maria V CorriasLaboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Mirco PonzoniLaboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy. mircoponzoni@gaslini.org.
Joao N MoreiraCNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine (Polo 1), Coimbra, Portugal.
Fabio PastorinoLaboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy. fabiopastorino@gaslini.org.
Istituto Giannina Gaslini · ITUniversity of Coimbra · PTIstituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico · ITOspedale Policlinico San Martino · ITMeyer Children's Hospital · ITUniversity of Genoa · IT

Funding

Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro IG18474Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro IG24397European Regional Development Fund ODD4PEGASEMPFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia ENMed/0005/2015Ministero della Salute ER-2015-2360441-Eranet
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) represents the most frequent and aggressive form of extracranial solid tumor of infants. Nucleolin (NCL) is a protein overexpressed and partially localized on the cell surface of tumor cells of adult cancers. Little is known about NCL and pediatric tumors and nothing is reported about cell surface NCL and NB.

methodsNB cell lines, Schwannian stroma-poor NB tumors and bone marrow (BM)-infiltrating NB cells were evaluated for the expression of cell surface NCL by Flow Cytometry, Imaging Flow Cytometry and Immunohistochemistry analyses. The cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin (DXR)-loaded nanocarriers decorated with the NCL-recognizing F3 peptide (T-DXR) was evaluated in terms of inhibition of NB cell proliferation and induction of cell death in vitro, whereas metastatic and orthotopic animal models of NB were used to examine their in vivo anti-tumor potential.

resultsNB cell lines, NB tumor cells (including patient-derived and Patient-Derived Xenografts-PDX) and 70% of BM-infiltrating NB cells show cell surface NCL expression. NCL staining was evident on both tumor and endothelial tumor cells in NB xenografts. F3 peptide-targeted nanoparticles, co-localizing with cell surface NCL, strongly associates with NB cells showing selective tumor cell internalization. T-DXR result significantly more effective, in terms of inhibition of cell proliferation and reduction of cell viability in vitro, and in terms of delay of tumor growth in all NB animal model tested, when compared to both control mice and those treated with the untargeted formulation.

conclusionsOur findings demonstrate that NCL could represent an innovative therapeutic cellular target for NB.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsBone Marrow CellsCell Line, TumorCell MembraneCell ProliferationCell SurvivalDoxorubicinHeterograftsHumansLiposomesMiceNanoparticlesNeuroblastomaNucleolinPeptidesAntineoplastic AgentsDoxorubicinLiposomesNucleolinPeptidesPhosphoproteinsRNA-Binding ProteinsCell surface proteinNanotechnologyNeuroblastomaNucleolinTargeted therapy

Identifiers

PMID34078433
PMCPMC8170797
OpenAlexW3163961872

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.