ArticleThe Korean journal of internal medicine2021
Clinical Frailty Scale, K-FRAIL questionnaire, and clinical outcomes in an acute hospitalist unit in Korea.
Article in The Korean journal of internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Frailty Through a One Health Lens: Biological Sex, Mental Health, and Oral Function in Physically Active Older Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Observational
- Development of fall prediction models in community-dwelling older adults: comparison of biological and multidomain models for falls and injurious falls.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Malnutrition and Frailty as Independent Predictors of Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Prospective Single Center Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Frailty in general medicine patients receiving geriatric medicine liaison services is predictive of adverse outcomes.Australasian journal on ageing · 2025Article
- Relationship between multiple morbidities and performance on the Timed Up and Go test in elderly patients: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Higher Clinical Frailty Scale is Associated with Higher Visit-to-Visit Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Propensity Score-Matched Study.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Article
- Association between frailty and physical performance in older patients with heart failure.Clinical cardiology · 2023Article
- The Clinical Frailty Scale as a Risk Assessment Tool for Dysphagia in Older Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Annals of geriatric medicine and research · 2023Article
- Study Protocol for the Evaluation of Multidisciplinary Medication Reconciliation Service in Adult Patients Undergoing Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (The MERITS Study): A Single-Center Controlled before-and-after Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Comparative Study of the Accuracy of At-Point Clinical Frailty Scale and Morse Fall Scale in Identifying High-Risk Fall Patients among Hospitalized Adults.Annals of geriatric medicine and research · 2023Article
- At-Point Clinical Frailty Scale as a Universal Risk Tool for Older Inpatients in Acute Hospital: A Cohort Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Operationalization of the Clinical Frailty Scale in Korean Community-Dwelling Older People.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Frailty as a Clinically Relevant Measure of Human Aging.Annals of geriatric medicine and research · 2021Article
- Validity of the Clinical Frailty Scale in Korean older patients at a geriatric clinic.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2021Article
- Geriatrics Fact Sheet in Korea 2021.Annals of geriatric medicine and research · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsFrailty increases the risks of in-hospital adverse events such as delirium, falls, and functional decline in older adults. We assessed the feasibility and clinical relevance of frailty status in Korean older inpatients using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and Korean version of the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, & Loss of Weight scale (K-FRAIL) questionnaires.
methodsFrailty status was measured using the Korean-translated version of the CFS and K-FRAIL questionnaire within 3 days from admission in 144 consecutive patients aged 60 years or older. The correlation between CFS and K-FRAIL score was assessed. The criterion validity of CFS was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. As outcomes, delirium, bedsore, length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality, and unplanned 30-day readmission were measured by reviewing medical records.
resultsThe mean age of the study population was 70.1 years (range, 60 to 91), and 75 (52.1%) were men. By linear regression analysis, CFS and K-FRAIL were positively correlated (B = 0.72, p < 0.001). A CFS cutoff of ≥ 5 maximized sensitivity + specificity to classify frailty using K-FRAIL as a reference (C-index = 0.893). Higher frailty burden by both CFS and K-FRAIL was associated with higher LOS and bedsores. Unplanned readmission and in-hospital mortality were associated with higher CFS score but not with K-FRAIL score, after adjusting for age, gender, polypharmacy, and multimorbidity.
conclusionFrailty status by CFS was associated with LOS, bedsores, unplanned readmission, and in-hospital mortality. CFS can be used to screen high-risk patients who may benefit from geriatric interventions and discharge planning in acutely hospitalized older adults.
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