Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34076695›Full record

ArticleBioscience reports2021

The role of the microbiome in gastrointestinal inflammation.

David J Sanders, Saskia Inniss, Gregory Sebepos-Rogers, Farooq Z Rahman, Andrew M Smith

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioscience reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Proton FLASH Exposure Preserves Gut Commensal Microbiomes and Spares Intestinal Stem Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. AMPEC4:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

David J SandersDepartment of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Saskia InnissDepartment of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Gregory Sebepos-RogersDepartment of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Farooq Z RahmanDepartment of Gastroenterology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London NW1 2PG, United Kingdom.
Andrew M SmithDepartment of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-4691-5973
The Royal Free Hospital · GBUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The microbiome plays an important role in maintaining human health. Despite multiple factors being attributed to the shaping of the human microbiome, extrinsic factors such diet and use of medications including antibiotics appear to dominate. Mucosal surfaces, particularly in the gut, are highly adapted to be able to tolerate a large population of microorganisms whilst still being able to produce a rapid and effective immune response against infection. The intestinal microbiome is not functionally independent from the host mucosa and can, through presentation of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and generation of microbe-derived metabolites, fundamentally influence mucosal barrier integrity and modulate host immunity. In a healthy gut there is an abundance of beneficial bacteria that help to preserve intestinal homoeostasis, promote protective immune responses, and limit excessive inflammation. The importance of the microbiome is further highlighted during dysbiosis where a loss of this finely balanced microbial population can lead to mucosal barrier dysfunction, aberrant immune responses, and chronic inflammation that increases the risk of disease development. Improvements in our understanding of the microbiome are providing opportunities to harness members of a healthy microbiota to help reverse dysbiosis, reduce inflammation, and ultimately prevent disease progression.

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeAnimalsAutoimmune DiseasesBacteriaCeliac DiseaseDysbiosisFecal Microbiota TransplantationGastrointestinal DiseasesHumansImmunity, MucosalInflammation MediatorsInflammatory Bowel DiseasesIntestinesMetabolic SyndromePathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern MoleculesProbioticsInflammation MediatorsPathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern MoleculesDysbiosisGastrointestinal physiologyHomeostasisInflammationMicrobiomeMucosa

Identifiers

PMID34076695
PMCPMC8201460
OpenAlexW3165016349

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.