ReviewInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2021
Revisiting the controversy: The role of fungi in chronic rhinosinusitis.
Review in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current understanding of disease control and its application in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Association between fungi and postoperative recurrence in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- [Clinical characteristics and therapeutic insights of pediatric allergic fungal rhinosinusitis].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2026Article
- Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2024).World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026Article
- Beyond dysbiosis: microbial metabolites as key remodelers of nasal mucosal immune tolerance in chronic rhinosinusitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Biodiversity of the Bacterial and Fungal Microbiome and Associated Inflammatory Cytokine Profile in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Article
- Vitamin D and Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Narrative Review and Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Clinicopathological and microbiological study of fungal rhinosinusitis treated with endoscopic surgery.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2025Article
- Fungal Sinusitis Spreading to the Sellar Region Mimicking a Pituitary Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Fungal Sinusitis in Cases of Allergic Rhinitis: A Cross-Sectional Study.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025Article
- Impact of Biologics on Surgery in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps and Allergic Fungal Sinusitis.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Review
- Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infectious Rhinosinusitis.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Long-term benefits of EPsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Nanotechnology-Based Strategies to Combat Multidrug-ResistantPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparison of mycology between different types of chronic rhinosinusitis.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2023Article
- Nasal Mycology of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Revealed by Nanopore Sequencing.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- STAT6 Blockade AbrogatesFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Striking Back against Fungal Infections: The Utilization of Nanosystems for Antifungal Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the last two decades, the development of culture-independent genomic techniques has facilitated an increased appreciation of the microbiota-immunity interactions and their role in a multitude of chronic inflammatory diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and dermatitis. While the pathologic role of bacteria in chronic inflammatory diseases is generally accepted, the understanding of the role of fungi remains controversial. Chronic rhinosinusitis, specifically the phenotype linked to nasal polyps, represents a spectrum of chronic inflammatory diseases typically characterized by a type 2 immune response. Studies on the microbiota within sinus cavities from healthy and diseased patients have focused on the bacterial community, mainly highlighting the loss of diversity associated with sinus inflammation. Within the various CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) phenotypes, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis presents an opportunity to investigate the role of fungi in chronic type 2 immune responses as well as the antifungal immune pathways designed to prevent invasive fungal diseases. In this review, we examine the spectrum of fungi-associated sinus diseases highlighting the interaction between fungal species and host immune status on disease presentation. With a focus on fungi and type 2 immune response, we highlight the current knowledge and its limitations of the sinus mycobiota along with cellular interactions and activated molecular pathways linked to fungi.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.