Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34075969›Full record

ReviewChemical communications (Cambridge, England)2021

Chemical reactivity from an activation strain perspective.

Pascal Vermeeren, Trevor A Hamlin, F Matthias Bickelhaupt

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Chemical communications (Cambridge, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Efficient COMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Radical Stability Paradox: Substituent Effects versus Heats of Formation.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  9. The Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction: Why Two Is Faster than One.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Methyl Radical Addition Reactions to C═X Double Bonds.The Journal of organic chemistry · 2025
    Article
  14. Understanding the SChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  15. The spectrum from van der Waals to donor-acceptor bonding.Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Diels-Alder Cycloaddition of Cyclopentadiene to CThe journal of physical chemistry. A · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Concise Synthesis of Cyctetryptomycin A and B Enabled by Zr-Catalyzed Dimerization.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Pascal VermeerenDepartment of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. t.a.hamlin@vu.nl f.m.bickelhaupt@vu.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2100-6837
Trevor A HamlinDepartment of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. t.a.hamlin@vu.nl f.m.bickelhaupt@vu.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5128-1004
F Matthias BickelhauptDepartment of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. t.a.hamlin@vu.nl f.m.bickelhaupt@vu.nl and Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-7747

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chemical reactions are ubiquitous in the universe, they are at the core of life, and they are essential for industrial processes. The drive for a deep understanding of how something occurs, in this case, the mechanism of a chemical reaction and the factors controlling its reactivity, is intrinsically valuable and an innate quality of humans. The level of insight and degree of understanding afforded by computational chemistry cannot be understated. The activation strain model is one of the most powerful tools in our arsenal to obtain unparalleled insight into reactivity. The relative energy of interacting reactants is evaluated along a reaction energy profile and related to the rigidity of the reactants' molecular structure and the strength of the stabilizing interactions between the deformed reactants: ΔE(ζ) = ΔEstrain(ζ) + ΔEint(ζ). Owing to the connectedness between the activation strain model and Kohn-Sham molecular orbital theory, one is able to obtain a causal relationship between both the sterics and electronics of the reactants and their mutual reactivity. Only when this is accomplished one can eclipse the phenomenological explanations that are commonplace in the literature and textbooks and begin to rationally tune and optimize chemical transformations. We showcase how the activation strain model is the ideal tool to elucidate fundamental organic reactions, the activation of small molecules by metallylenes, and the cycloaddition reactivity of cyclic diene- and dipolarophiles.

Indexed as

Quantum TheoryThermodynamicsHumans

Identifiers

PMID34075969
PMCPMC8204247

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.