ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2022
A1- and A2 beta-casein on health-related outcomes: a scoping review of animal studies.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- ELF5 modulates casein synthesis in goat mammary epithelial cells via JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway.Animal bioscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Optimizing Nutritional Balance: Integrating the Mediterranean Diet into Low-FODMAP Nutrition.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Cleavage Sites in Bovine β-Casein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Gut Microbiota Modulation Through Mediterranean Diet Foods: Implications for Human Health.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Effects of Different Cow-Milk Beta-Caseins on the Gut-Brain Axis: A Narrative Review of Preclinical, Animal, and Human Studies.Nutrition reviews · 2025Review
- Comparative analysis of proteomics and transcriptomics reveals novel mechanism underlying the antibacterial activity and immune-enhancing properties of horse milk.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Effects of A1 Milk, A2 Milk and the Opioid-like Peptide β-Casomorphin-7 on the Proliferation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Health-Related Outcomes and Molecular Methods for the Characterization of A1 and A2 Cow's Milk: Review and Update.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- A2 milk consumption and its health benefits: an update.Food science and biotechnology · 2024Review
- An A2 β-casein infant formula with high sn-2 palmitate and casein phosphopeptides supports adequate growth, improved stool consistency, and bone strength in healthy, term Chinese infants: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Perspectives on the application of CONSORT guidelines to randomised controlled trials in nutrition.European journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Modulatory Effects of A1 Milk, A2 Milk, Soy, and Egg Proteins on Gut Microbiota and Fermentation.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Worldwide research on the health effects of bovine milk containing A1 and A2 β-casein: Unraveling the current scenario and future trends through bibliometrics and text mining.Current research in food science · 2023Review
- Frequency of β-Casein Gene Polymorphisms in Jersey Cows in Western Japan.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- A2 Milk: New Perspectives for Food Technology and Human Health.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A2 Milk and BCM-7 Peptide as Emerging Parameters of Milk Quality.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeFood-derived bioactive peptides may influence important physiological functions. An important example is beta-casomorphins, which are opioid peptides derived from A1 beta-casein in bovine milk and have been associated to be risk factors for non-communicable diseases in humans. A1 and A2 beta-casein are different with respect to the release of bioactive peptides, in particular BCM-7. However, evidence from human studies is limited and could be complemented with evidence derived from animal studies. We conducted a scoping review to identify animal studies investigating the effects of A1 beta-casein or BCM-7 compared to A2 beta-casein or any other intervention on health-related outcomes.
methodsWe systematically searched for relevant studies in two electronic databases (Medline, Embase; last search performed March 2020). Two reviewers independently undertook study selection and data extraction of included references. Results were summarized tabularly and narratively.
resultsWe included 42 studies investigating various animal models, including rats, mice, rabbits, and dogs. Six studies investigated health-related outcomes of A1- vs. A2 milk, while most studies (n = 36) reported on physiological properties (e.g., analgesic effect) of BCM-7 as an opioid peptide. Included studies were extremely heterogeneous in terms of the study population, type of intervention and dose, and type of outcome measures.
conclusionsOnly a few studies comparing the effects of A1- and A2 milk were identified. More studies addressing this research question in animal models are needed to provide essential information to inform research gaps. Results from future studies could eventually complement research for humans, particularly when the body of evidence remains uncertain as is the case in the A1- and A2 milk debate.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.