Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34073808›Full record

ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Gold Nanoparticles and Graphene Oxide Flakes Enhance Cancer Cells' Phagocytosis through Granzyme-Perforin-Dependent Biomechanism.

Mohsen S Al-Omar, Majid Jabir, Esraa Karsh, Rua Kadhim, Ghassan M Sulaiman, Zainab J Taqi, Khawla S Khashan, Hamdoon A Mohammed, Riaz A Khan, Salman A A Mohammed

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.

Mohsen S Al-OmarDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-8134-9623
Majid JabirDepartment of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0003-0759-8298
Esraa KarshDepartment of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
Rua KadhimDepartment of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
Ghassan M SulaimanDepartment of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0001-6388-3849
Zainab J TaqiDepartment of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
Khawla S KhashanDepartment of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0001-9028-9191
Hamdoon A MohammedDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-2896-6790
Riaz A KhanDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-0185-0149
Salman A A MohammedDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-9250-100X
University of Technology - Iraq · IQQassim University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the roles of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and graphene oxide flakes (GOFs) as phagocytosis enhancers against cancer cells. The nanomaterials were characterized through SEM and UV-VIS absorptions. The GNPs and GOFs increased the macrophages' phagocytosis ability in engulfing, thereby annihilating the cancer cells in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The GNPs and GOFs augmented serine protease class apoptotic protein, granzyme, passing through the aquaporin class protein, perforin, with mediated delivery through the cell membrane site for the programmed, calibrated, and conditioned cancer cells killing. Additionally, protease inhibitor 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin (DCI) significantly reduced granzyme and perforin activities of macrophages. The results demonstrated that the GOFs and GNPs increased the activation of phagocytic cells as a promising strategy for controlling cancer cells by augmenting the cell mortality through the granzyme-perforin-dependent mechanism.

Indexed as

cancer cellsGNPsGOFsgold nanoparticlesgranzymegraphene oxide flakesperforinphagocytosisSKOV-3

Identifiers

PMID34073808
PMCPMC8225074
OpenAlexW3165721536

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.