ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Type IIa RPTPs and Glycans: Roles in Axon Regeneration and Synaptogenesis.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathological neural and immune synapses in glioblastoma progression: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2026Review
- Glycosaminoglycans in axon growth and regeneration: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Dysregulated synaptic gene expression in oligodendrocytes of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Identifying potential biomarkers in the hippocampus of chronic fatigue syndrome rats treated with moxibustion at Zusanli (ST36): a proteomics study.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2025Article
- Histological effects of combined therapy involving scar resection, decellularized scaffolds, and human iPSC-NS/PCs transplantation in chronic complete spinal cord injury.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Specification of neural circuit architecture shaped by context-dependent patterned LAR-RPTP microexons.Nature communications · 2024Article
- HS, an Ancient Molecular Recognition and Information Storage Glycosaminoglycan, Equips HS-Proteoglycans with Diverse Matrix and Cell-Interactive Properties Operative in Tissue Development and Tissue Function in Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Altered gut microbial profile is associated with differentially expressed fecal microRNAs in patients with functional constipation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Neural Tissue Homeostasis and Repair Is Regulated via CS and DS Proteoglycan Motifs.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Type IIa receptor tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) play pivotal roles in neuronal network formation. It is emerging that the interactions of RPTPs with glycans, i.e., chondroitin sulfate (CS) and heparan sulfate (HS), are critical for their functions. We highlight here the significance of these interactions in axon regeneration and synaptogenesis. For example, PTPσ, a member of type IIa RPTPs, on axon terminals is monomerized and activated by the extracellular CS deposited in neural injuries, dephosphorylates cortactin, disrupts autophagy flux, and consequently inhibits axon regeneration. In contrast, HS induces PTPσ oligomerization, suppresses PTPσ phosphatase activity, and promotes axon regeneration. PTPσ also serves as an organizer of excitatory synapses. PTPσ and neurexin bind one another on presynapses and further bind to postsynaptic leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein 4 (LRRTM4). Neurexin is now known as a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), and its HS is essential for the binding between these three molecules. Another HSPG, glypican 4, binds to presynaptic PTPσ and postsynaptic LRRTM4 in an HS-dependent manner. Type IIa RPTPs are also involved in the formation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses by heterophilic binding to a variety of postsynaptic partners. We also discuss the important issue of possible mechanisms coordinating axon extension and synapse formation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.