ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
Determination of Optimal Doses and Minimum Effective Concentrations of Tricaine Methanesulfonate, 2-Phenoxyethanol and Eugenol for Laboratory Managements in Nile Tilapia (
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Menthol-induced sedation and hemodynamic safety limits in Nile tilapia: defining a therapeutic window.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Anaesthetics in aquaculture: comprehensive insights into agents, mechanisms, and applications.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2026Review
- Fishery Anesthetics in Aquaculture Products: Safety Concerns and Analytical Methods.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- An Evaluation of the Anesthetic Properties and Serum Biochemical Response ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Assessment of freeze-dried Sargassum polycystum as a nutritional feed component for red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) fingerlings.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Residual depletion of eugenol as an anesthetic in growing phase pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus).Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Effect of transporting Oreochromis niloticus in water with and without sodium chloride on skin morphology and some immunity-related genes expression.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- The Use of Tricaine Methanesulfonate (MS-222) in Asian Seabass (Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Protective Effects ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus and Lippia sidoides in the anesthetic induction and transport of ornamental fish Pterophyllum scalare.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2022Article
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anesthetic agents are often used in fish experiments to reduce the stress and struggle and to improve animal welfare. The present study aimed to determine the optimal doses and serum minimum effective concentration (MEC) of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222), 2-phenoxyethanol (2-PE), and eugenol (EUG) in Nile tilapia. Twenty-one fish were immersed in three different doses of each anesthetic and the minimal dose that produce stage III anesthesia within 5 min, maintain anesthesia status for 3 min, and recover within 5 min was considered the optimal dose. The serum concentrations of anesthetics immediately after the fish reached stage III anesthesia was defined as the MEC. The results revealed that the anesthetics dose-dependently shorten the induction time while the effect of doses on the recovery times were variable. The determined optimal doses for MS-222, 2-PE, and EUG were 300, 900, and 90 ppm, respectively. The MECs were 70, 263, and 53 µg/mL, respectively, about two to four times lower than the optimal doses and were independent of the doses. After immersion stopped, the serum concentrations decreased by >90% within the first hour and >99% after 4 h. Our research provides useful information for a smooth fish handling and design for researches requiring stage III anesthesia.
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