Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34073602›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) Control of a Virtual Assistant in a Smartphone to Manage Messaging Applications.

Francisco Velasco-Álvarez, Álvaro Fernández-Rodríguez, Francisco-Javier Vizcaíno-Martín, Antonio Díaz-Estrella, Ricardo Ron-Angevin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Francisco Velasco-ÁlvarezDepartamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5235-5597
Álvaro Fernández-RodríguezDepartamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3421-976X
Francisco-Javier Vizcaíno-MartínDepartamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Antonio Díaz-EstrellaDepartamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Ricardo Ron-AngevinDepartamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8721-0585

Funding

European Regional Development Fund RTI2018-100912-B-I00Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades RTI2018-100912-B-I00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) are a type of assistive technology that uses the brain signals of users to establish a communication and control channel between them and an external device. BCI systems may be a suitable tool to restore communication skills in severely motor-disabled patients, as BCI do not rely on muscular control. The loss of communication is one of the most negative consequences reported by such patients. This paper presents a BCI system focused on the control of four mainstream messaging applications running in a smartphone: WhatsApp, Telegram, e-mail and short message service (SMS). The control of the BCI is achieved through the well-known visual P300 row-column paradigm (RCP), allowing the user to select control commands as well as spelling characters. For the control of the smartphone, the system sends synthesized voice commands that are interpreted by a virtual assistant running in the smartphone. Four tasks related to the four mentioned messaging services were tested with 15 healthy volunteers, most of whom were able to accomplish the tasks, which included sending free text e-mails to an address proposed by the subjects themselves. The online performance results obtained, as well as the results of subjective questionnaires, support the viability of the proposed system.

Indexed as

Brain-Computer InterfacesBrainElectroencephalographyEvent-Related Potentials, P300HumansSmartphoneUser-Computer Interfaceassistive technologybrain–computer interface (BCI)e-mailmessaging applicationsP300short message service (SMS)TelegramWhatsApp

Identifiers

PMID34073602
PMCPMC8199460

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.