Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34073291›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Advocacy, Hesitancy, and Equity: Exploring U.S. Race-Related Discussions of the COVID-19 Vaccine on Twitter.

Shaniece Criss, Thu T Nguyen, Samantha Norton, Imaya Virani, Eli Titherington, Emma Lou Tillmanns, Courtney Kinnane, Gabrielle Maiolo, Anne B Kirby, Gilbert C Gee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. COVID-19 vaccine equity and health equity conversations on Twitter.AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium · 2023
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Shaniece CrissDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2470-5377
Thu T NguyenDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1185-045X
Samantha NortonDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
Imaya ViraniDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5992-2593
Eli TitheringtonDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
Emma Lou TillmannsDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
Courtney KinnaneDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
Gabrielle MaioloDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
Anne B KirbyDepartment of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
Gilbert C GeeDepartment of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Funding

Scientific and Technical CoreP2CHD041022 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Martha Jane Bailey · 2016 to 2026
$6.9M
Risk and strength: determining the impact of area-level sentiment and protective factors on birth outcomesR01MD015716 · NIMHD · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI NGUYEN, THU · 2021 to 2025
$3.6M
Place-level discrimination and birth outcomesR00MD012615 · NIMHD · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI NGUYEN, THU · 2020 to 2022
$720k
California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles P2C-HD041022NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD041022NIH HHS R00MD012615NIH HHS R01MD015716NIMHD NIH HHS R00 MD012615NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD015716
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOur study aimed to describe themes of tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines, race, and ethnicity to explore the context of the intersection of these topics on Twitter.

methodsWe utilized Twitter's Streaming Application Programming Interface (API) to collect a random 1% sample of publicly available tweets from October 2020 to January 2021. The study team conducted a qualitative content analysis from the full data set of 1110 tweets.

resultsThe tweets revealed vaccine support through vaccine affirmation, advocacy through reproach, a need for a vaccine, COVID-19 and racism, vaccine development and efficacy, racist vaccine humor, and news updates. Vaccine opposition was demonstrated through direct opposition, vaccine hesitancy, and adverse reactions. Conspiracy and misinformation included scientific misinformation, political misinformation, beliefs about immunity and protective behaviors, and race extermination conspiracy. Equity and access focused on overcoming history of medical racism, pointing out health disparities, and facilitators to vaccine access. Representation touted pride in development and role models, and politics discussed the role of politics in vaccines and international politics.

conclusionOur analysis demonstrates that Twitter can provide nuances about multiple viewpoints on the vaccine related to race and ethnicity and can be beneficial in contributing to insights for public health messaging.

Indexed as

COVID-19Social MediaCOVID-19 VaccinesHumansPublic HealthSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 Vaccinescontent analysispeople of colorsocial mediaTwittervaccinevaccine hesitancy

Identifiers

PMID34073291
PMCPMC8198507

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.