ArticleMicroorganisms2021
Experimental Assessment of Possible Factors Associated with Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine Failure.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever Virus and Powassan Virus Infections at Different Times After Immunization with the TBE Vaccine in In Vivo Experiments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota as a regulator of vaccine efficacy: implications for personalized vaccination.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Tick-borne encephalitis virus variants drive distinct TCR repertoire alterations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Antivirotics based on defective interfering particles: emerging concepts and challenges.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Tick-borne encephalitis virus subtypes: mono- and mixed infection in specific and non-specific ticks.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Mono-WNV and combined WNV/TBEV inactivated vaccine efficacy against a wide range of WNV and TBEV strains.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The structure of inactivated mature tick-borne encephalitis virus at 3.0 Å resolution.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Inapparent Tick-Borne Orthoflavivirus Infection inVaccines · 2023Article
- Recombinant TBEV Protein E of the Siberian Subtype Is a Candidate Antigen in the ELISA Test System for Differential Diagnosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Tick-Borne Encephalitis-Review of the Current Status.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Is There a Future for Traditional Immunogens When We Have mRNA?Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Activation of Early Proinflammatory Responses by TBEV NS1 Varies between the Strains of Various Subtypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Hybrids ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Currently the only effective measure against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is vaccination. Despite the high efficacy of approved vaccines against TBE, rare cases of vaccine failures are well documented. Both host- and virus-related factors can account for such failures. In this work, we studied the influence of mouse strain and sex and the effects of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression on the efficacy of an inactivated TBE vaccine. We also investigated how an increased proportion of non-infectious particles in the challenge TBE virus would affect the protectivity of the vaccine. The vaccine efficacy was assessed by mortality, morbidity, levels of viral RNA in the brain of surviving mice, and neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers against the vaccine strain and the challenge virus. Two-dose vaccination protected most animals against TBE symptoms and death, and protectivity depended on strain and sex of mice. Immunosuppression decreased the vaccine efficacy in a dose-dependent manner and changed the vaccine-induced NAb spectrum. The vaccination protected mice against TBE virus neuroinvasion and persistence. However, viral RNA was detected in the brain of some asymptomatic animals at 21 and 42 dpi. Challenge with TBE virus enriched with non-infectious particles led to lower NAb titers in vaccinated mice after the challenge but did not affect the protective efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.