ReviewBrain sciences2021
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cognitive Decline: A Review of Potential Vulnerability and Protective Factors.
Review in Brain sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Obstructive sleep apnea and attention deficits: A systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers and neuropsychological assessments.Brain and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cognitive Impairment: Implications for Surgical Outcomes.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- A Global Burden Perspective on Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Hearing Loss, and Early-Onset Cognitive Decline.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Quantitative and morphological analyses reveal microglia-specific neuroinflammation in brain regions linked to cognitive function in ovariectomized and chronic intermittent hypoxia-exposed female rats.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Causal effects of modifiable risk factors on obstructive sleep apnea: A Mendelian randomization study and validation study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Causal associations between sleep apnea and dementia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome complicated by obstructive sleep apnea: a correlative study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Advances in MRI of glymphatic system dysfunction associated with obstructive sleep apnea and enlarged perivascular spaces.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Endocrine and metabolic consequences of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma during the transition age: A literature review by the TALENT study group.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Research advances in the association between Irisin and obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Review
- Cerebral oxygenation responses to obstructive sleep apnea in cognitively normal older adults: a study using simultaneous polysomnography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Acupuncture Modulation of the Lung-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Subjective Cognitive Decline in COPD - A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Relationship between sleep apnea severity and mild cognitive impairment in people with obstructive sleep apnea.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- A Geospatial Analysis of the Sleep Surgeon Workforce in the United States.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
- Effects of positive airway pressure therapy on quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Dusunen adam : Bakirkoy Ruh ve Sinir Hastaliklari Hastanesi yayin organi · 2025Article
- Impact of sleep apnea on alzheimer's disease in relation to sex: an 8-year longitudinal follow-up study of a nationwide cohort.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Differences in time perception in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Adherence to Life's Essential 8 enhances gut microbiota diversity and cognitive performance.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Around 40% of dementia risk is attributable to modifiable risk factors such as physical inactivity, hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Recently, sleep disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), have also been considered among these factors. However, despite several epidemiological studies investigating the link between OSA and cognitive decline, there is still no consensus on whether OSA increases the risk of dementia or not. Part of the heterogeneity observed in previous studies might be related to some individual characteristics that modulate the association between OSA and cognitive decline. In this narrative review, we present these individual characteristics, namely, age, sex, menopause, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, depression, air pollution,
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.