Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34071641›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Climate Change, Weather, Housing Precarity, and Homelessness: A Systematic Review of Reviews.

Mariya Bezgrebelna, Kwame McKenzie, Samantha Wells, Arun Ravindran, Michael Kral, Julia Christensen, Vicky Stergiopoulos, Stephen Gaetz, Sean A Kidd

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Trees Reduce Daytime Extreme Urban Heat Risk for People Experiencing Unsheltered Homelessness.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026
    Article
  6. Preventive Interventions to Protect Homeless People with Major Mental Disorders from Climate-Related Emergencies: a Critically Important Yet Neglected Public Health Imperative.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Mariya BezgrebelnaDepartment of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
Kwame McKenzieDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
Samantha WellsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
Arun RavindranDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1655-2753
Michael KralDepartment of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Julia ChristensenDepartment of Geography, Memorial University Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3728-5121
Vicky StergiopoulosDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
Stephen GaetzFaculty of Education, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-4109-5611
Sean A KiddDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
University of Toronto · CAYork University · CAMemorial University of Newfoundland · CAWayne State University · USWestern University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This systematic review of reviews was conducted to examine housing precarity and homelessness in relation to climate change and weather extremes internationally. In a thematic analysis of 15 reviews (5 systematic and 10 non-systematic), the following themes emerged: risk factors for homelessness/housing precarity, temperature extremes, health concerns, structural factors, natural disasters, and housing. First, an increased risk of homelessness has been found for people who are vulnerably housed and populations in lower socio-economic positions due to energy insecurity and climate change-induced natural hazards. Second, homeless/vulnerably-housed populations are disproportionately exposed to climatic events (temperature extremes and natural disasters). Third, the physical and mental health of homeless/vulnerably-housed populations is projected to be impacted by weather extremes and climate change. Fourth, while green infrastructure may have positive effects for homeless/vulnerably-housed populations, housing remains a major concern in urban environments. Finally, structural changes must be implemented. Recommendations for addressing the impact of climate change on homelessness and housing precarity were generated, including interventions focusing on homelessness/housing precarity and reducing the effects of weather extremes, improved housing and urban planning, and further research on homelessness/housing precarity and climate change. To further enhance the impact of these initiatives, we suggest employing the Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA).

Indexed as

HousingIll-Housed PersonsClimate ChangeHumansMental HealthReview Literature as TopicWeatherclimatehealthhomelesshousingreviewweather

Identifiers

PMID34071641
PMCPMC8199223
OpenAlexW3164732382

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.