ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Fraud Detection in Batches of Sweet Almonds by Portable Near-Infrared Spectral Devices.
Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Applications of NIR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for Food Authentication and Safety: Detection of Adulterants and Contaminants.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- NIR Sensing Technologies for the Detection of Fraud in Nuts and Nut Products: A Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Rapid Prediction of Adulteration Content inFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Portable NIR spectroscopy: the route to green analytical chemistry.Frontiers in chemistry · 2023Review
- Quality Assessment of the Protein Ingredients Recovered by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction from the Press Cakes of Coconut and Almond Beverage Preparation.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
One of the key challenges for the almond industry is how to detect the presence of bitter almonds in commercial batches of sweet almonds. The main aim of this research is to assess the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) by means of using portable instruments in the industry to detect batches of sweet almonds which have been adulterated with bitter almonds. To achieve this, sweet almonds and non-sweet almonds (bitter almonds and mixtures of sweet almonds with different percentages (from 5% to 20%) of bitter almonds) were analysed using a new generation of portable spectrophotometers. Three strategies (only bitter almonds, bitter almonds and mixtures, and only mixtures) were used to optimise the construction of the non-sweet almond training set. Models developed using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) correctly classified 86-100% of samples, depending on the instrument used and the strategy followed for constructing the non-sweet almond training set. These results confirm that NIR spectroscopy provides a reliable, accurate method for detecting the presence of bitter almonds in batches of sweet almonds, with up to 5% adulteration levels (lower levels should be tested in future studies), and that this technology can be readily used at the main steps of the production chain.
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