ArticleCancers2021
Association between Pre-Diagnostic Serum Bile Acids and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Singapore Chinese Health Study.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dysregulation of serum bile acids in liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Pooled it
- Bile acids as a "new hormone" in aging-related liver disease.Life medicine · 2026Review
- Lithocholic acid-activated VDR in macrophages promotes HCC recurrence post-ablation via SOCS3-mediated suppression of CXCL16.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Evaluation of metabolite biomarker candidates in detecting HCC in patients with liver cirrhosis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Serum Bile Acids Are Useful Indicators of Intrahepatic Recurrence After Initial Curative Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Annals of gastroenterological surgery · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota-metabolism-immunity axis: a novel perspective of traditional Chinese medicine in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome and bile acid metabolism in liver disease: Mechanisms, clinical implications, and therapeutic opportunities.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Regulation of bile acids homeostasis: a feasible and versatile way to treat or diagnose liver disorders.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Pleiotropic immunoregulation by bile acids in pathophysiology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cholesterol metabolic rewiring shapes immune remodeling across hepatocarcinogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The intricate interplay of microbial metabolomics and carcinogenesis: a spotlight on mechanistic pathways, clinical implications and methodological challenges.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Serum Bile Acid Profiling Across the Full Spectrum of HBV-Related Liver Diseases in Chinese Population: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment Assessment.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Metabolic Reprogramming Linked to HCC Risk in Late Diagnosed Tyrosinemia Type 1.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Towards the clinical use of peripheral bile acids: Recommendations to limit their preanalytical and analytical sources of variability.Practical laboratory medicine · 2025Article
- Prediagnostic plasma metabolite concentrations and liver cancer risk: A nested case-control study with long follow-up in the Shanghai Women's Health Study.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- The Roles and Clinical Significance of Major Hepatic-Derived Metabolites in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- Pre-diagnostic circulating bile acid concentrations and liver cancer risk: a nested case-control analysis of 12 cohorts.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Article
- [Analysis and comparison of bile acid metabolism characteristics in children and adults with metabolic- associated fatty liver disease].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025Review
- [Bile acid metabolism and the occurrence and development of primary liver cancer].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a commonly diagnosed malignancy with poor prognosis. Rising incidence of HCC may be due to rising prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, where altered bile acid metabolism may be implicated in HCC development. Thirty-five bile acids were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry assays in pre-diagnostic serum of 100 HCC cases and 100 matched controls from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess associations for bile acid levels with risk of HCC. Conjugated primary bile acids were significantly elevated whereas the ratios of secondary bile acids over primary bile acids were significantly lower in HCC cases than controls. The respective odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of HCC were 6.09 (1.75-21.21) for highest vs. lowest tertile of cholic acid species and 30.11 (5.88-154.31) for chenodeoxycholic acid species. Doubling ratio of taurine-over glycine-conjugated chenodeoxycholic acid was associated significantly with 40% increased risk of HCC whereas doubling ratio of secondary over primary bile acid species was associated with 30-40% reduced risk of HCC. In conclusion, elevated primary bile acids and taurine over glycine-conjugated ratios were strongly associated with HCC risk whereas the ratios of secondary bile acids over primary bile acids were inversely associated with HCC risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.