ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
The Role of HPA Axis and Allopregnanolone on the Neurobiology of Major Depressive Disorders and PTSD.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of single and multiple doses of zuranolone in Japanese and White healthy subjects: A phase 1 clinical trial.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2023Trial
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: pathogenesis, epidemiological characteristics, animal models, and potential therapeutic strategies.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Positive association between sex hormones and inflammatory cytokines in trauma-exposed premenopausal women.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Terpenes as Potential Multi-Target Modulators of Chronic Stress-Induced Neuroendocrine-Immune Dysregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Psychedelics and women's mental health: the effects of female sex hormones on psychedelics' efficacy and tolerability.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Investigational drugs in PTSD.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Corticosteroid-Induced neuropsychiatric manifestations: From pathophysiology to management.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Akkermansia Muciniphila vs. Fluoxetine: Amelioration of Depression-like Behaviors and Cognitive Dysfunction Through Distinct Neurobiological Mechanisms.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Maternal Milk Allopregnanolone May Buffer Negative Associations Between Maternal Postpartum Psychological Distress and Infant Regulatory Capacity.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Article
- Plasma Allopregnanolone and Sex Hormone Responses to Stress Induction: Contributors to the Formation of Intrusive Memories.Neuropsychobiology · 2026Article
- Use of Single Prolonged Stress to Model Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Rodents: What We Found and Where to Next?Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Pathophysiology of depression and anxiety in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2025Review
- The role of neuroactive steroids in psychiatric and neurological disorders: Neurobiology and therapeutic perspectives.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Rapid-acting NMDA and GABAergic Modulators in Mood Disorders: From Synaptic Mechanisms to Clinical Practice.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Association between parity and female depression: the mediative role of sleep duration.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Expression of Neurotrophin Genes in the Hypothalamus of Stressed and Allopregnanolone-Infused Sheep.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Psychological, neuroendocrine and inflammatory stress responses in women after miscarriage or stillbirth: investigating early psychobiological adaptations to potential traumatic events.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Article
- Metabolic activation of flunitrazepam via nitroreduction mediated by aldo-keto reductase 1C3.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025Article
- Neuropeptide S pathway in PTSD and neuropsychiatric disorders: A review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Investigating the Role of Gut-Derived Neurotoxin TMAO in PTSD Risk Following Traumatic Brain Injury.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Under stressful conditions, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis acts to promote transitory physiological adaptations that are often resolved after the stressful stimulus is no longer present. In addition to corticosteroids (e.g., cortisol), the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (3α,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone, 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one) participates in negative feedback mechanisms that restore homeostasis. Chronic, repeated exposure to stress impairs the responsivity of the HPA axis and dampens allopregnanolone levels, participating in the etiopathology of psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). MDD and PTSD patients present abnormalities in the HPA axis regulation, such as altered cortisol levels or failure to suppress cortisol release in the dexamethasone suppression test. Herein, we review the neurophysiological role of allopregnanolone both as a potent and positive GABAergic neuromodulator but also in its capacity of inhibiting the HPA axis. The allopregnanolone function in the mechanisms that recapitulate stress-induced pathophysiology, including MDD and PTSD, and its potential as both a treatment target and as a biomarker for these disorders is discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.