ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021
Effectiveness of Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Water Exercise during Pregnancy on Quality of Life and Postpartum Depression: A Multi-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Isolated physical activity programs during pregnancy and postpartum: Meta-analysis of randomized trials with usual-care controls on depressive and anxiety symptoms.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Pooled it
- Associations of physical activity during pregnancy with antenatal and postpartum depression: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of different types of exercise interventions on perinatal depression, anxiety, and quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Physical activity modalities and dosing for postpartum depression, anxiety and quality of life: a network meta-analysis and dose response of randomized trials.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Optimal dose of aerobic exercise for improving postpartum depression, anxiety, and quality of life: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and dose-response analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Proactive approaches to preventing postpartum depression in non-depressive pregnant women: a comprehensive scoping review.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Pooled it
- Influence of prenatal aquatic activities on fetal outcomes and maternal physical and mental outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of different physical activity interventions on perinatal depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- The Elephant in the Room: A Systematic Review of the Application and Effects of Psychological Treatments for Pregnant Women with Dual Pathology (Mental Health and Substance-Related Disorders).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- Physical exercise interventions for perinatal depression symptoms in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of physical activity on prevention of postpartum depression: A dose-response meta-analysis of 186,412 women.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Bounce-Based Aerobic Exercise Improves Postpartum Mood: A Large-Scale Pre-Post Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Empowering maternal health: Resistance and aerobic exercises for glycemic control in gestational diabetes.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Association ofZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Article
- The Benefits of Practicing Physical Activity in the Aquatic Environment on Health and Quality of Life.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A mixed methods study protocol to develop an educational program based on salutogenesis theory to improve the postpartum quality of life among nulliparous women.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Psychometric analysis and validation of the SF-34 PREG: An adaptation of the SF-36 for assessing quality of life in pregnant women.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Article
- Exercise Intervention to Mitigate the Cardiovascular Sequence of Pregnancy Complications.Cureus · 2024Review
- Detecting sleep and physical activity changes across the perinatal period using wearable technology.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe global prevalence of postpartum depression is about 20%. This disease has serious consequences for women, their infants, and their families. The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to analyze the effectiveness and safety of a moderate-intensity aerobic water exercise program on postpartum depression, sleep problems, and quality of life in women at one month after delivery.
methodsThis was a multi-center, parallel, randomized, evaluator blinded, controlled trial in a primary care setting. Pregnant women (14-20 weeks gestational age) who had low risk of complications and were from five primary care centers in the area covered by the obstetrics unit of Son Llatzer Hospital (Mallorca, Spain) were invited to participate. A total of 320 pregnant women were randomly assigned to two groups, an intervention group (moderate aquatic aerobic exercise) and a control group (usual prenatal care). One month after birth, sleep quality (MOS sleep), quality of life (EQ-5D), and presence of anxiety or depression (EPDS) were recorded.
findingsWomen in the intervention group were less likely to report anxiety or depression on the EQ5D (11.5% vs. 22.7%;
conclusionModerate-intensity aquatic exercise during pregnancy decreased postpartum anxiety and depressive symptoms in mothers and was safe for mothers and their newborns.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.