ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Self-Targeting of Carbon Dots into the Cell Nucleus: Diverse Mechanisms of Toxicity in NIH/3T3 and L929 Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Manganese-Doped Carbon Nanodots as Next-Generation MRI and Fluorescence Imaging Agents.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Carbon Dots in Nanomedicine: Advanced Fabrication, Biomedical Applications, and Future Clinical Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Understanding the Toxicity of Carbon Dots: The Role of Synthesis Variability, Surface Chemistry, and Biological Context.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- S-Doped Carbon Dot Treatment Alters RNA Processing, Translation, and Protein Degradation Pathways in HeLa Cells.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Carbon dots as probes in FLIM:a review of applications and advances in cellular imaging.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Preparation of Nitrogen-Doped Biomass-Based Carbon Quantum Dots and their Application to FeJournal of fluorescence · 2025Article
- Dead Cell Discrimination with Red Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots from the Medicinal and Edible Herb Echinophora tenuifolia.Journal of fluorescence · 2025Article
- Carbon Dots for Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics: Focus on Oxidative DNA Damage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Exploring Carbon Dot Nanoparticles for Imaging and Cellular Interaction in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Preparation, Physicochemical, and Cyto- and Genotoxic Characterisation of Polysaccharide Composites Containing Carbon Quantum Dots.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Carbon Nanomaterial Fluorescent Probes and Their Biological Applications.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Nanostructured N/S doped carbon dots/mesoporous silica nanoparticles and PVA composite hydrogel fabrication for anti-microbial and anti-biofilm application.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2023Article
- Poly(ethylene imine)-chitosan carbon dots: study of its physical-chemical properties and biological in vitro performance.Discover nano · 2023Article
- Cytotoxicity of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Fullerenes, and Dots.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A Review of in vivo Toxicity of Quantum Dots in Animal Models.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Review
- Carbon quantum dots in bioimaging and biomedicines.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Milk-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots: Study of Biological and Chemical Properties Provides Evidence of Toxicity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Complexation Nanoarchitectonics of Carbon Dots with Doxorubicin toward Photodynamic Anti-Cancer Therapy.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Article
- Quantum Dots and Their Interaction with Biological Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- An insight into the potentials of carbon dots for in vitro live-cell imaging: recent progress, challenges, and prospects.Mikrochimica acta · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
It is important to understand the nanomaterials intracellular trafficking and distribution and investigate their targeting into the nuclear area in the living cells. In our previous study, we firstly observed penetration of nonmodified positively charged carbon dots decorated with quaternary ammonium groups (QCDs) into the nucleus of mouse NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. Thus, in this work, we focused on deeper study of QCDs distribution inside two healthy mouse NIH/3T3 and L929 cell lines by fluorescence microspectroscopy and performed a comprehensive cytotoxic and DNA damage measurements. Real-time penetration of QCDs across the plasma cell membrane was recorded, concentration dependent uptake was determined and endocytic pathways were characterized. We found out that the QCDs concentration of 200 µg/mL is close to saturation and subsequently, NIH/3T3 had a different cell cycle profile, however, no significant changes in viability (not even in the case with QCDs in the nuclei) and DNA damage. In the case of L929, the presence of QCDs in the nucleus evoked a cellular death. Intranuclear environment of NIH/3T3 cells affected fluorescent properties of QCDs and evoked fluorescence blue shifts. Studying the intracellular interactions with CDs is essential for development of future applications such as DNA sensing, because CDs as DNA probes have not yet been developed.
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