ArticleBiomedicines2021
Deciphering the Molecular Mechanism of Water Interaction with Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogels: Role of Ionic Strength, pH, Drug Loading and Hydrogel Network Characteristics.
Article in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review on Gelling and Foaming Agents in Food: Mechanism and Applications.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- From Gelatin to GelMA: Versatility, Challenges, and Biomedical Applications of GelMA Hydrogels.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gelatin Hydrogel Crosslinking: From Molecular Design to Functional Soft Materials.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Tailoring Drug Release Profiles From Electrospun Alginate Fibers Through Integration of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Glycosaminoglycan-functionalized hydrogels for sustained delivery of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 mediating matrix metalloprotease inhibition and extracellular matrix stabilization.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Design and Characterization of GelMA Nanogels (nanoGelMA) via Desolvation and Photopolymerization for Drug Delivery Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Aluminum Cross-Linked Carboxylated Nanocellulose Hydrogels with Enhanced Antifreezing Properties.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Biomimetic Core-Sheath GelMA/PCL Nanofibers for Enhanced Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.Polymers · 2026Article
- Photocrosslinkable lung dECM hydrogels promote stiffness-dependent lung cancer growth and chemoresistance.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Photocrosslinkable Dexamethasone-Loaded GelMA Hydrogel for Peripheral Nerve Injury: Mechanical Behaviour and Anti-Adhesion Effect.Polymers · 2026Article
- Microbiome-Responsive Hydrogels: From Biological Cues to Smart Biomaterials.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Autofluorescence lifetime of gelatin-methacrylate hydrogels is sensitive to changes in crosslinking and post-gelation pH.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Advancing the Development of Subcutaneous Glucose Biosensors: Cargo-Carrying Adhesive Biosensor Systems (CABs).Macromolecular bioscience · 2026Article
- AdvancingFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Conjugation of Proangiogenic Peptide to Enhance a Soft Tissue Bioink.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Development and Characterization of Polymer Blends Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol for Application as Pharmaceutical Dosage Form.Polymers · 2025Article
- Gelatin-Based Hydrogels for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: A Multifunctional Vehicle for Cellular, Molecular, and Pharmacological Therapy.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Role of intermediate water in alleviating postsurgical intrapericardial adhesion.Surgery today · 2025Article
- Antibacterial and Cell-Adhesive Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) Hydrogels Developed for Wound Treatment:Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
- Traditional Chinese Medicine-Loaded Hydrogels: An Emerging Strategy for the Treatment of Bone Infections.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Water plays a primary role in the functionality of biomedical polymers such as hydrogels. The state of water, defined as bound, intermediate, or free, and its molecular organization within hydrogels is an important factor governing biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. Here, we present a systematic study of water states in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels designed for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. We demonstrate that increasing ionic strength of the swelling media correlated with the proportion of non-freezable bound water. We attribute this to the capability of ions to create ion-dipole bonds with both the polymer and water, thereby reinforcing the first layer of polymer hydration. Both pH and ionic strength impacted the mesh size, having potential implications for drug delivery applications. The mechanical properties of GelMA hydrogels were largely unaffected by variations in ionic strength or pH. Loading of cefazolin, a small polar antibiotic molecule, led to a dose-dependent increase of non-freezable bound water, attributed to the drug's capacity to form hydrogen bonds with water, which helped recruit water molecules in the hydrogels' first hydration layer. This work enables a deeper understanding of water states and molecular arrangement at the hydrogel-polymer interface and how environmental cues influence them.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.